Karabiga
Karabiga[2] (Karabuga[3]) is a town (belde) in the Biga District, Çanakkale Province, Turkey.[4] Its population is 2,962 (2021).[1] It is located at the mouth of the Biga River, on a small east-facing bay, known as Karabiga Bay.[5] Its ancient name was Priapus or Priapos (Ancient Greek: Πρίαπος).[6]
History
Originally a town of ancient Mysia, it was a colony of Miletus or of Cyzicus.[7] It had a good harbour. Strabo mentions that the area produced fine wine and that the god Priapus gave the town its ancient name.[8] Thucydides mentions the town as a naval station.[9] Arrian reports that in 334 BCE Alexander the Great sent Panegorus to take possession of the city and the city surrendered without contest, prior to the Battle of Granicus.[8][10] Besides the aforementioned authors, the town was noted by numerous ancient writers and geographers including Pomponius Mela,[11] Pliny the Elder,[12] Stephanus of Byzantium,[13] and the Geographer of Ravenna.[14]
Under the Eastern Roman Empire, the town was known as Pegae or Pegai (Πηγαί)[15] and was the site of a Byzantine fortress.[16]
During the Allied occupation following World War I, Karabiga was part of the lands that were claimed by Anzavur Ahmed Pasha in his attempt to keep the area from the Turkish nationalists. He was killed just outside Karabiga in April 1921 by Turkish nationalists aligned with Arnavud Rahman.[17]
References
- ^ a b "Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2021" (XLS) (in Turkish). TÜİK. Retrieved 1 March 2023.
- ^ Karabiğa (Approved) at GEOnet Names Server, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
- ^ Karabuga (Variant) at GEOnet Names Server, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
- ^ Belde Belediyesi, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 1 March 2023.
- ^ Karabiğa Limanı (Approved) at GEOnet Names Server, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
- ^ Priapus (Variant) at GEOnet Names Server, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
- ^ One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Priapus". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.
- ^ a b Strabo. Geographica. Vol. xiii. p. 587. Page numbers refer to those of Isaac Casaubon's edition.
- ^ Thucydides. History of the Peloponnesian War. Vol. 8.107.
- ^ Arrian Campaigns of Alexander I, 13
- ^ Pomponius Mela. De situ orbis. Vol. 1.19.
- ^ Pliny. Naturalis Historia. Vol. 4.24, 5.40.
- ^ Stephanus of Byzantium. Ethnica. Vol. s.v. Πρίαπος.
- ^ Ravenna Cosmography 2.18.
- ^ Norwich, John Julius (2006) The Middle Sea: A History of the Mediterranean Doubleday, New York, page 103, ISBN 978-0-385-51023-3
- ^ Setton, Kenneth M.; Hazard, Harry W. and Zacour, Norman P. (1980) A History of the Crusades: The Impact of the Crusades on Europe University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, Wisconsin, page 241, ISBN 978-0-299-10744-4
- ^ Gingeras, Ryan (2009) Sorrowful Shores: Violence, ethnicity, and the end of the Ottoman Empire, 1912-1923 Oxford University Press, Oxford, England, pages 106 and 118, ISBN 978-0-19-956152-0
- v
- t
- e
- Abbassus
- Abrostola
- Achaion Limen
- Acharaca
- Acmonia
- Acrassus
- Adramyttium
- Agatheira
- Aegae
- Airai
- Aizanoi
- Alabanda
- Alia
- Alinda
- Allianoi
- Almura
- Amnista
- Amorium
- Amos
- Amynanda
- Amyzon
- Anaua
- Anineta
- Annaea
- Antandrus
- Antioch on the Maeander
- Apamea in Phrygia
- Aphrodisias
- Apollonia in Mysia
- Apollonia Salbaces
- Apollonis
- Apollonos Hieron
- Appia
- Appolena
- Aragokome
- Araukome
- Arcadiopolis
- Arilla
- Aroma
- Aspaneus
- Astragon
- Astyra near Adramyttium
- Astyra near Pergamon
- Astyria
- Atarneus
- Atarneus sub Pitanem
- Attea
- Attuda
- Augustopolis
- Aulae
- Aurelia Neapolis
- Aureliopolis in Lydia
- Aurokra
- Bageis
- Bargasa
- Bargasa in northern Caria
- Bargylia
- Beudos
- Beycesultan
- Birgena
- Blaundus
- Bonitai
- Boukolion
- Boutheia
- Briula
- Bruzus
- Bybassus
- Cadi
- Callipolis
- Caloe
- Canae
- Carene
- Carmylessus
- Carura
- Caryanda
- Castabus
- Casystes
- Cedreae
- Celaenae
- Ceramus
- Chalcetor
- Choria
- Chrysaoris
- Chytrium
- Cidramus
- Cindye
- Cisthene
- Clannuda
- Claros
- Colophon
- Colossae
- Conium
- Coryphas
- Cybeleia
- Cyllandus
- Cyme
- Daldis
- Dareioukome
- Dideiphyta
- Didyma
- Digda
- Dioclea
- Dionysiopolis
- Dios Hieron in Ionia
- Dios Hieron in Lydia
- Dioskome
- Docimium
- Doroukome
- Eibeos
- Eiokome
- Elaea
- Eluza
- Embatum
- Emoddi
- Ephesus
- Erines
- Erythrae
- Erythras
- Etsyena
- Euaza
- Eukarpia
- Euhippe
- Eumeneia
- Euromus
- Euthenae
- Euxine
- Gambrium
- Gerga
- Gergitha
- Gerriadai
- Glauke
- Gryneium
- Halicarnassus
- Halisarna
- Harpasa
- Helos
- Heraclea at Latmus
- Heraclea in Aeolis
- Heraclea in Lydia
- Heraclea Salbace
- Hermocapelia
- Hierapolis
- Hieropolis
- Hierocaesarea
- Homadena
- Hydai
- Hydas
- Hydissus
- Hygassos
- Hyllarima
- Hypaepa
- Hypokremnos
- Hyrcanis
- Iasos
- Iaza
- Idyma
- Ioniapolis
- Ioudda
- Ipsus
- Isinda in Ionia
- Iskome
- Kadyie
- Kaira
- Kalabantia
- Kasara
- Kasossos
- Kaualena
- Kaunos
- Kaymakçı Tepe
- Kilaraza
- Kildara
- Klazomenai
- Kleimaka
- Kleros Politike
- Knidos
- Koddinou Petra
- Koraia
- Korakoe
- Koresa
- Kouara
- Kyllene
- Kymnissa
- Kys
- Labraunda
- Lagina
- Lalandos
- Lamyana
- Lankena
- Laodicea on the Lycus
- Larisa in Caria
- Larisa in Ionia
- Larisa in Lydia
- Larissa Phrikonis
- Larymna
- Lasnedda
- Latmus
- Lebedus
- Leimon
- Leucae
- Leucophrys
- Limantepe
- Lobolda
- Loryma
- Lunda
- Lydae
- Lyrna
- Lysimachia
- Madnasa
- Maeandropolis
- Magnesia ad Sipylum
- Magnesia on the Maeander
- Maiboza
- Maionia in Lydia
- Malene
- Marathesium
- Mastaura
- Meiros
- Meiros Megale
- Melampagos
- Meloukome
- Metropolis in Lydia
- Metropolis in southern Phrygia
- Miletus
- Mylasa
- Mobolla
- Mokolda
- Mossyna
- Mostene
- Motella
- Myloukome
- Myndus
- Myrina
- Myus
- Nais
- Nasos
- Naulochon
- Naulochus
- Naxia
- Neapolis
- Neonteichos
- Nisyra
- Notion
- Nymphaeum
- Nysa on the Maeander
- Odon
- Oenoanda
- Olaeis
- Olymos
- Oroanna
- Orthoisa
- Ortygia
- Otrus
- Palaemyndus
- Palaeopolis
- Panasion
- Panormus near Miletus
- Panormus near Halicarnassus
- Parsada
- Parthenium
- Passala
- Passanda
- Pedasa
- Peltae
- Pepuza
- Pergamon
- Perperene
- Philadelphia in Lydia
- Phocaea
- Phoenix in Caria
- Physcus
- Phyteia
- Pidasa
- Pinara
- Pisilis
- Pisye
- Pitane
- Pladasa
- Plarasa
- Polichna in Ionia
- Polichne in Ionia
- Polybotus
- Pordoselene
- Priene
- Prymnessus
- Pteleum
- Pydnae
- Pygela
- Pyrnus
- Pyrrha
- Saouenda
- Sardis
- Satala in Lydia
- Sebaste in Phrygia
- Sebastopolis in Caria
- Setae
- Side in Caria
- Sidussa
- Silandus
- Sillyos
- Sion
- Skolopoeis
- Smyrna
- Soa
- Spore
- Stadia
- Stectorium
- Stratonicea in Lydia
- Stratonicea in Caria
- Strobilos
- Syangela
- Symbra
- Synaus
- Syneta
- Synnada
- Syrna
- Tabae
- Tabala
- Tateikome
- Taza
- Teichiussa
- Telandrus
- Temenothyra
- Temnos
- Tempsis
- Tendeba
- Teos
- Termera
- Teuthrania
- Thasthara
- Theangela
- Thebe Hypoplakia
- Thebes
- Thera
- Thyaira
- Thyatira
- Thymbrara
- Thyssanus
- Tisna
- Tlos in Caria
- Tomara
- Traianopolis
- Trapezopolis
- Trarium
- Triopium
- Tripolis on the Meander
- Troketta
- Tyanollos
- Tymion
- Tymnos
- Ula
- Uranium
- Zemmeana
- Zingotos Kome
- Abonoteichos
- Aegialus
- Aiginetes
- Alaca Höyük
- Amasia
- Amastris
- Ancon
- Anticinolis
- Argyria
- Armene
- Athenae
- Berissa
- Bonita
- Boon
- Cabira
- Cales
- Callistratia
- Carambis
- Carissa
- Carussa
- Cerasus
- Chadisia
- Cinolis
- Cizari
- Colonia in Armenia
- Colussa
- Comana in the Pontus
- Coralla
- Cordyle
- Cratia
- Crenides
- Cromen
- Cromna
- Cyptasia
- Cytorus
- Dia
- Diacopa
- Elaeus
- Endeira
- Erythini
- Euchaita
- Eusene
- Gadilon
- Garius
- Garzoubanthon
- Gaziura
- Gozalena
- Hadrianopolis in Paphlagonia
- Hattusa
- Heraclea Pontica
- Heracleium
- Hermonassa
- Hieron Oros
- Hüseyindede Tepe
- Hyssus
- Ibora
- Ischopolis
- Karza
- Kelesa
- Kimista
- Laodicea Pontica
- Libiopolis
- Lillium
- Metroon
- Mokata
- Naustathmus
- Nerik
- Nicopolis
- Ophis
- Oxinas
- Patara
- Pharnacia
- Phazemon
- Philocaleia
- Pida
- Pimolisa
- Polemonium
- Pompeiopolis
- Potami
- Prusias ad Hypium
- Pteria in Paphlagonia
- Salatiwara
- Samuha
- Sandaraca
- Sapinuwa
- Satala
- Saurania
- Sebastopolis in Pontus
- Stephane
- Syderos
- Themiscyra
- Thymena
- Timolaeum
- Tium
- Tripolis
- Virasia
- Yazılıkaya
- Zagorus
- Zaliche
- Zephyrium in Paphlagonia
- Ziporea
- Abouadeineita
- Alişar Hüyük
- Amblada
- Anadynata
- Anastasiopolis
- Andabalis
- Anisa
- Anniaca
- Antoniopolis
- Anzoulada
- Aquae Saravenae
- Aralla
- Arasaxa
- Archalla
- Ardistama
- Ariaramneia
- Ariarathia
- Armaxa
- Artiknos
- Aspenzinsos
- Astra
- Atenia
- Balbissa
- Balgatia
- Barate
- Bathys Rhyax
- Binbirkilise
- Blucium
- Borissos
- Campae
- Camuliana
- Candara
- Carus Vicus
- Çatalhöyük
- Cimiata
- Ciscissus
- Cinna
- Claneus
- Comitanassus
- Congustus
- Corna
- Corniaspa
- Coropassus
- Cotenna
- Cybistra
- Cyzistra
- Dadastana
- Dasmenda
- Derbe
- Diocaesarea
- Doara
- Dometiopolis
- Dorylaeum
- Ecdaumava
- Ecobriga
- Ergobrotis
- Euaissa
- Eudocia (Cappadocia)
- Eudocia (Phrygia)
- Eulepa
- Faustinopolis
- Germa
- Gorbeus
- Gordium
- Hadrianopolis in Phrygia
- Heraclea Cybistra
- Herpha
- Hieropotamon
- Homana
- Hyde
- Ilistra
- Irenopolis
- Isauropolis
- Juliopolis
- Kaman-Kalehöyük
- Kanotala
- Karbala
- Keissia
- Kerkenes
- Kilistra
- Kindyria
- Kobara
- Kodylessos
- Korama
- Koron
- Kültepe (Kanesh)
- Lageina
- Lamatorma
- Laodicea Combusta
- Laroumada
- Lauzadus
- Limnae
- Lystra
- Malandasa
- Malus in Galatia
- Malus in Phrygia
- Meloë
- Metropolis in northern Phrygia
- Midaeium
- Mistea
- Mnizus
- Mokissos
- Mourisa
- Moutalaske
- Musbanda
- Myrika
- Nakoleia
- Nazianzus
- Nitazi
- Nora
- Nyssa
- Ochras
- Olosada
- Orcistus
- Papirion
- Parnassus
- Pedachtoë
- Pedaia
- Peium
- Perta
- Pessinus
- Pharax
- Phlara
- Pillitokome
- Pissia
- Pithoi
- Pontanena
- Posala
- Pteria
- Purushanda
- Pyrgoi
- Sadagolthina
- Salamboreia
- Salarama
- Sasima
- Savatra
- Sbida
- Sedasa
- Senzousa
- Sereana
- Sibora
- Sidamaria
- Skandos
- Soanda
- Soandos
- Sora
- Takourtha
- Tavium
- Thebasa
- Thouththourbia
- Tiberiopolis
- Trocmades
- Tyana
- Tynna
- Tyriaeum
- Vasada
- Verinopolis
- Zeita
- Zizima
- Abarnis
- Abydos
- Achaiion
- Achilleion
- Ad Statuas
- Adrasteia
- Aegospotami
- Agora
- Aianteion in Thrace
- Aianteion in the Troad
- Ainos
- Alexandria Troas
- Alopeconnesus
- Ammoi
- Amycus
- Anaplous
- Apamea Myrlea
- Aphrodisias
- Apollonia on the Rhyndacus
- Aprus
- Apsoda
- Arbeila
- Argiza
- Argyria
- Argyronion
- Argyropolis
- Arisba
- Artace
- Artaiouteichos
- Artanes
- Assos
- Astacus
- Astyra in Troad
- Athyras
- Aureliane
- Aureliopolis
- Baradendromia
- Baris
- Basilica Therma
- Basilinopolis
- Bathonea
- Bathys Limen
- Beodizo
- Bergule
- Birytis
- Bisanthe
- Bitenas
- Bithynium
- Blachernae
- Bolos
- Boradion
- Brunca
- Burtudizon
- Bythias
- Byzantium
- Byzapena
- Caenophrurium
- Callum
- Calpe
- Canopus
- Cardia
- Cebrene
- Cenchreae
- Cenon Gallicanon
- Chalcaea
- Chalcedon
- Charax
- Charmidea
- Chelae on the Black Sea
- Chelae on the Asian coast of the Bosphorus
- Chelae on the European coast of the Bosphorus
- Choiragria
- Chryse
- Chrysopolis
- Cius
- Clitae
- Cobrys
- Cocylium
- Colla
- Colonae
- Cremaste
- Crenides
- Cressa
- Crithote
- Cypasis
- Cypsela
- Cyzicus
- Dadokome
- Dacibyza
- Damalis
- Daphne Mainomene
- Daphnus
- Dardanus
- Dascylium
- Dascylium in Bithynia
- Dekaton in Bithynia
- Dekaton in Thrace
- Delkos
- Delphin
- Deris
- Desa
- Didymateiche
- Diolkides
- Drabus
- Drizipara/Drusipara
- Eirakla
- Elaea in Bithynia
- Elaeus
- Elekosmioi
- Embolos
- Ergasteria
- Eribolum
- Gargara
- Gentinos
- Gergis
- Germa
- Germanicopolis
- Hadriani ad Olympum
- Hadriania
- Hadrianotherae
- Halone
- Hamaxitus
- Harpagion
- Hebdomon
- Helenopolis/Drepanum
- Heracleium
- Hermaion
- Hieria
- Hierion
- Iasonion
- Ide
- Ilieon Kome
- Kabia
- Kalamos
- Kalasyrta
- Kale Peuke
- Kalos Agros
- Kampos
- Kassa
- Katapaspanas
- Kepos
- Kizoura
- Koila
- Kolonai
- Kosilaos
- Koubaita
- Kyparodes
- Kypra
- Lamponeia
- Lampsacus
- Larisa in Troad
- Lasthenes
- Leptoia
- Liada
- Libum
- Libyssa
- Limnae in Bithynia
- Limnae in Thrace
- Linus
- Lupadium
- Lygos
- Lysimachia
- Madytus
- Mantineion
- Marpessos
- Miletopolis
- Mocasura
- Mochadion
- Modra
- Morzapena
- Mossynea
- Moukaporis
- Myrileion
- Narco
- Nassete
- Nausikleia
- Nausimachion
- Neandreia
- Neapolis on the Bosphorus
- Neapolis on the Thracian Chersonese
- Neonteichos
- Nerola
- Nicomedia
- Oka
- Ontoraita
- Ophryneion
- Orestias
- Orni
- Ostreodes
- Pactya
- Paeon
- Paesus
- Palodes
- Panion
- Pantichium
- Parabolos
- Parium
- Paulines
- Pegae in Mysia
- Pegae in Thrace
- Pege
- Pentephyle
- Percote
- Pericharaxis
- Perinthus
- Petrozetoi
- Pharmakia
- Phidalia Petra
- Phiela
- Philia
- Phosphorus
- Pionia
- Pitheci Portus
- Placia
- Ploketta
- Poemanenum
- Poleatikon
- Polychron
- Polymedium
- Potamoi
- Potamonion
- Praenetus
- Pratomysia
- Prepa
- Priapus
- Prindea
- Proconnesus
- Proochthoi
- Prusa
- Psarela
- Psyllium
- Pyrrhias Cyon
- Pytheion
- Rhebas
- Rhegion
- Rhesion
- Rhoiteion
- Rouphinianai
- Salmydessus
- Sangarus
- Scamandria
- Scamandrus
- Scepsis
- Scylace
- Scylla
- Selymbria
- Semystra
- Serrion Teichos
- Sestos
- Sigeion
- Sirkanos
- Smintheion
- Soka
- Strobilos
- Sykai
- Syllanta
- Tarpodizo
- Tarsus in Bithynia
- Tattaios
- Tenba
- Terbos
- Tesderamoska
- Tetrakomia
- Tipaso
- Tragasai
- Thynias
- Traron
- Tricomia in Bithynia
- Troy (Hisarlik)
- Tyrodiza
- Tzurulum
- Urisio
- Utsurgae
- Zeleia
- Acalissus
- Acarassus
- Adada
- Adrasus
- Aegae
- Agrae
- Alalakh
- Amelas
- Anabura in Pisidia
- Anazarbus
- Anchiale
- Andeda
- Andriaca
- Anemurium
- Ano Kotradis
- Antigonia
- Antioch on the Orontes
- Antioch of Pisidia
- Antiochia Lamotis
- Antioch on the Cragus
- Antioch on the Pyramis
- Antiphellus
- Aperlae
- Aphrodisias of Cilicia
- Apollonia in Lycia
- Arabissus
- Araxa
- Ariassus
- Arima
- Arnabanda
- Arneae
- Arsada
- Arsinoe
- Artanada
- Arycanda
- Aspendos
- Augai
- Augusta
- Aulae
- Aunesis
- Bab al-Hawa Border Crossing
- Balbura
- Baris
- Bindaios
- Bubon
- Cabassus
- Cadrema
- Cadyanda
- Callimache
- Calynda
- Carallia
- Carmylessus
- Casae
- Castabala
- Ceretapa
- Cestrus
- Charadrus
- Choma
- Cibyra Mikra
- Claudiopolis
- Colybrassus
- Comama
- Comana in Cappadocia
- Comba
- Conana
- Coracesium
- Corycium Antrum
- Corycus (Kızkalesi)
- Corydala
- Cremna
- Cretopolis
- Crya
- Cyaneae
- Cyrrhus
- Daedala
- Dalisandus in Isauria
- Dalisandus in Pamphylia
- Damasei
- Dias
- Diocaesarea
- Domuztepe
- Elaiussa Sebaste
- Elbessos
- Emirzeli
- Epiphania
- Erymna
- Etenna
- Eudocia (Lycia)
- Eudocias (Pamphylia)
- Flaviopolis
- Gagae
- Gözlükule
- Hacilar
- Hadrianopolis in Pisidia
- Halae
- Hamaxia
- Hierapolis
- Hippucome
- Holmi
- Hyia
- Idebessos
- Idyros
- Iotape
- Irenopolis
- Isaura Nea
- Isaura Palaea
- Isba
- Isinda in Lycia
- Isinda in Pisidia
- Issus
- Istlada
- Juliosebaste
- Kalanthia
- Kalelibelen
- Kandyba
- Kanytelis
- Karakabaklı
- Karatepe
- Karkabo
- Kastellon
- Keraia
- Kibyra
- Kiphisos
- Kirkota
- Kitanaura
- Kodroula
- Kolbasa
- Korasion
- Korma
- Kynosarion
- Laertes
- Lagbe
- Lamos
- Lebessus
- Legeita
- Limnae in Pamphylia
- Limnae in Pisidia
- Limyra
- Lissa
- Lycae
- Lyrbe
- Lysinia
- Magarsa
- Magastara
- Magydus
- Mallus
- Malus in Pisidia
- Mampsoukrenai
- Mamure Castle
- Manava
- Mandane
- Marciana
- Marmara (Mnara)
- Mastaura
- Meloë
- Melanippe
- Meriana
- Mezgitkale
- Moatra
- Mopsucrene
- Mopsuestia
- Morka
- Moron Hydor
- Moumoustra
- Mylae
- Mylios
- Myra
- Myriandus
- Nagidos
- Nauloi
- Neapolis in Pisidia
- Nephelis
- Nisa
- Octapolis
- Olba
- Olbasa
- Olbia
- Olympus
- Öküzlü
- Onobara
- Orokenda
- Otanada
- Ouerbe
- Padyandus
- Palaeopolis
- Panemotichus
- Panhormus
- Pargais
- Parlais
- Patara
- Pednelissus
- Perga
- Perminounda
- Phaselis
- Phellus
- Philadelphia in Cilicia
- Philaea
- Phoenicus
- Phoenix in Lycia
- Pisarissos
- Pisurgia
- Placoma
- Platanus
- Podalia
- Pogla
- Prostanna
- Pseudokorasion
- Ptolemais
- Rhodiapolis
- Rhoscopus
- Rhosus
- Rygmanoi
- Sabandus
- Sagalassos
- Sandalium
- Saraganda
- Sebeda
- Seleucia in Pamphylia
- Seleucia Pieria
- Seleucia Sidera
- Selge
- Selinus
- Seroiata
- Serraepolis
- Sia
- Sibidounda
- Sibyla
- Side
- Siderus
- Sidyma
- Sillyon
- Simena
- Sinda
- Siricae
- Soli
- Solyma
- Sozopolis
- Sura
- Syca
- Syedra
- Takina
- Tapureli
- Tardequeia
- Tarsus
- Teimiussa
- Tell Judaidah
- Tell Tayinat
- Telmessos
- Telmessos (Caria)
- Tenedos
- Termessos
- Tetrapyrgia in Cappadocia
- Tetrapyrgia in Pamphylia
- Titiopolis
- Tityassus
- Tlos
- Toriaeum
- Tragalassus
- Trebendae
- Trebenna
- Trysa
- Tyberissus
- Tyinda
- Tymandus
- Tynada
- Typallia
- Xanthos
- Yanıkhan
- Yumuktepe
- Zenopolis in Isauria
- Zenopolis in Lycia
- Zephyrium on the Calycadnus
Anatolia
- Amida
- Antioch in the Taurus
- Antioch in Mesopotamia (Constantia)
- Apamea on the Euphrates
- Carcathiocerta
- Carchemish
- Çayönü
- Dabanas
- Dara
- Doliche
- Edessa
- Göbekli Tepe
- Hallan Çemi Tepesi
- Harran
- Khashshum
- Kussara
- Matiate
- Nevalı Çori
- Nicopolis in Cilicia
- Nisibis
- Sakçagözü
- Sam'al
- Samosata
- Sareisa
- Seleucia at the Zeugma
- Sitai
- Sultantepe
- Tille
- Tushhan
- Urima
- Urshu
- Zeugma