Listă de puști de asalt
O pușcă de asalt este o pușcă care folosește un cartuș intermediar(d), un încărcător detașabil(d) și poate comuta între foc semiautomat(d) și automat(d). Puștile de asalt sunt în prezent arme de serviciu(d) în majoritatea armatelor moderne.
O armă de foc trebuie să aibă următoarele caracteristici pentru a fi considerată pușcă de asalt:[1][2][3]
- Trebuie să fie o armă individuală;
- Trebuie să fie capabilă de foc selectiv(d) - adică are capacitatea de a comuta între foc semiautomat și foc prin rafale(d)/foc automat;[4]
- Trebuie să aibă un cartuș intermediar: mai multă putere decât un pistol, dar mai puțin decât o pușcă standard.
- Muniția trebuie să fie prezentă într-un încărcător detașabil.
- Ar trebui să aibă o rază de acțiune(d) de cel puțin 300 de metri.
Puștile care îndeplinesc majoritatea acestor criterii - dar nu pe toate - din punct de vedere tehnic nu sunt puști de asalt, cu toate că sunt adesea caracterizate astfel.
De exemplu:
- Carabinele M2(d) cu foc selectiv și carabinele Amogh(d) nu sunt puști de asalt; raza lor de acțiune este de numai 200 de metri.[5]
- Puștile cu foc selectiv precum FN FAL(d) nu sunt puști de asalt - acestea nu utilizează cartușe intermediare.
- Puștile semiautomate precum Colt AR-15(d) nu sunt puști de asalt - nu au capacitatea de a comuta între foc automat și foc semiautomat. În schimb, versiunea originală a puștii ArmaLite AR-15(d) ar îndeplini criteriile.
- Puștile semiautomate cu încărcătoare fixe - cum ar fi SKS - nu sunt puști de asalt deoarece nu au încărcător detașabil și nu sunt capabile să tragă în regim automat.
Unele dintre puștile de pe lista de mai jos au versiuni care nu se încadrează la categoria puști de asalt.
Nume | Producător | Imagine | Calibru | Loc de origine | An proiectare |
AAC Honey Badger PDW(d) | Advanced Armament Corporation | ![]() | .300 AAC Blackout(d) | ![]() | 2011 |
AAI ACR(d) | AAI Corporation | ![]() | 5.56×45mm sub-calibre flechette | ![]() | |
AB-3 | Kalashnikov Concern | 5.6mm Caseless | ![]() | 1970 | |
ArmaLite AR-18(d) | ArmaLite | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1963 |
Remington ACR(d) | Remington Arms Bushmaster | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO 6.8mm Remington SPC(d) | ![]() | 2006 |
Pușcă ADS(d) | KBP Instrument Design Bureau | ![]() | 5.45×39mm 5.45mm PSP | ![]() | 2007 |
AEK-971(d) | Degtyarev plant | ![]() | 5.45×39mm | ![]() | 1978 |
AG-043(d) | ![]() | 5.45×39mm | ![]() | 1974 | |
Pușcă de asalt AO-63(d) | TsNIITochMash | 5.45x39mm | ![]() | 1984 | |
Ak 5(d) | Förenade Fabriksverken | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1982 |
AK-9(d) | Kalashnikov Concern | ![]() | 9×39mm(d) | ![]() | Anii 2000 |
AK-12(d) | Kalashnikov Concern | ![]() | 5.45×39mm 5.56×45mm NATO 7.62×39mm(d) 9×39mm 6.5mm Grendel(d) | ![]() | 2010 |
AK-47 | Kalashnikov Concern | ![]() | 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 1946 |
AK-63(d) | Fegyver- és Gépgyár | ![]() | 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 1977 |
AK-74 | Kalashnikov Concern | ![]() | 5.45×39mm | ![]() | 1974 |
AK-101(d) | Kalashnikov Concern | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1994 |
AK-103 | Kalashnikov Concern | ![]() | 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 1994 |
MPT-55(d) | MKEK, Sarsılmaz Arms and Kalekalıp | 7.62×39mm 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2017 | |
AK-107(d) | Kalashnikov Concern | ![]() | 5.45×39mm / 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | Anii 1990 |
AKM | Izhmash Tula Arms Plant | ![]() | 7.62×39mm | ![]() | Anii 1950 |
AMD-65(d) | Fegyver- és Gépgyár | ![]() | 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 1965 |
AMP-69(d) | Fegyver- és Gépgyár | ![]() | 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 1970-1985 |
AN-94(d) | Izhmash | ![]() | 5.45×39mm | ![]() | 1994 |
Pușcă AO-27(d) | 7.62 mm (3 mm flechette) | ![]() | 1961 | ||
AO-31 | 5.45×39mm 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 1962 | ||
Pușcă de asalt AO-35(d) | 5.45×39mm 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 1968? | ||
Pușcă de asalt AO-38(d) | TsNIITochMash | 5.45×39mm | ![]() | 1965 | |
APS-95(d) | Končar-Arma d.o.o | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1995 | |
Pușcă subacvatică APS(d) | Tula Arms Plant TsNIITochMash | ![]() | 5.66×39mm | ![]() | Anii 1970 |
AS Val(d) | TsNIITochMash | ![]() | 9×39mm(d) | ![]() | 1987 |
Pușcă ASM-DT(d) | Tula Arms Plant | ![]() | 5.45×39mm | ![]() | 1990s |
Barrett REC7(d) | Barrett Firearms Manufacturing | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO 6.8mm Remington SPC | ![]() | 2007 |
Beretta AR70/90(d) | Fabbrica d'Armi Pietro Beretta | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1985 | |
Beretta ARX160(d) | Fabbrica d'Armi Pietro Beretta | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO 5.45×39mm 6.8mm Remington SPC 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 2008 |
Beretta Rx4 Storm(d) | Fabbrica d'Armi Pietro Beretta | 5.56×45mm NATO .223 Remington(d) | ![]() | 2005 | |
BSA 28P(d) | Birmingham Small Arms Company | .280 British(d) | ![]() | 1949 | |
BR18(d) | ST Kinetics | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO 6.8mm Remington SPC 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 2012 |
Pușcă Chropi(d) | Chropei | 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 1975 | |
CEAM Model 1950(d) | Atelier Mécanique de Mulhouse | ![]() | .30 Carbine(d) 7.92×33mm Kurz(d) 7.65×35mm 7.5×38mm | ![]() | 1949 |
CETME Model L(d) | Empresa Nacional Santa Bárbara | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1981 |
CQBR(d) | Colt's Manufacturing Company | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1999 |
Colt ACR(d) | Colt's Manufacturing Company | ![]() | 5.56×45mm M855 sau Duplex | ![]() | 1982 |
Pușcă C7(d) | Colt Canada | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1982 | |
Colt CM901(d) | Colt Defense | 5.56×45mm NATO 6.8mm Remington SPC 7.62×39mm | ![]() | Anii 2010 | |
Conventional Multirole Combat Rifle | ST Kinetics | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2014 |
CZ 805 BREN(d) | Česká zbrojovka Uherský Brod | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2009 | |
ČZ 2000(d) | Česká zbrojovka Uherský Brod | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1990 |
Daewoo K2(d) | S&T Motiv | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1972 |
Desert Tech MDR(d) | Desert Tech | ![]() | .223 Remington 5.56×45mm NATO .223 Wylde(d) .308 Win(d) 7.62×51mm NATO(d) | ![]() | 2014 |
Desert Tech MDRx(d) | Desert Tech | ![]() | .223 Remington 5.56×45mm NATO .223 Wylde .300 BLK(d) .308 Win 7.62×51mm NATO 6.5mm Creedmoor(d) | ![]() | 2020 |
Diseños Casanave SC-2005(d) | Desarrollos Industriales Casanave S.A | 5.56×45mm NATO 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 2005 | |
Pușcă de asalt Dlugov | 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 1953 | ||
EM-2 rifle(d) | Royal Small Arms Factory Enfield | ![]() | 7 mm Mk1Z (7×43mm)(d) | ![]() | 1948 |
Pușcă de asalt Excalibur(d) | Armament Research and Development Establishment | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2013–14 |
EMER K1 | Myanmar Fritz Werner Industries | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | Anii 1990 | |
FAMAS | Nexter | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1967 |
FARA 83(d) | Fabrica Militar de Armas Portatiles Domingo Matheu | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1981 |
FB Beryl(d) | Łucznik Arms Factory | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1995 |
FB MSBS(d) | FB "Łucznik" Radom | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 2016 |
FB Tantal(d) | Łucznik Arms Factory | ![]() | 5.45×39mm | ![]() | 1981 |
FN CAL(d) | Fabrique Nationale d'Herstal | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1963 | |
F2000(d) | Fabrique Nationale d'Herstal | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1995 | |
FNC(d) | Fabrique Nationale d'Herstal | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1975 |
FN SCAR(d) | FN Herstal | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2004 | |
FX-05 Xiuhcoatl(d) | Dirección General de Industria Militar del Ejército | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2005 |
Galil Córdova(d) | Indumil | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2015 | |
Grad AR(d) | State Factories-North Ossetia | 6×49mm 5.45×39mm | ![]() | 2010 | |
Grossfuss Sturmgewehr(d) | ![]() | i7.92×33mm Kurz(d) | ![]() | 1944 | |
Heckler & Koch G11(d) | Heckler & Koch | ![]() | 4.73x33mm | ![]() | 1968 |
Heckler & Koch G36 | Heckler & Koch | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1990 |
Heckler & Koch G41(d) | Heckler & Koch | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1984 | |
Heckler & Koch HK33(d) | Heckler & Koch | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1960s |
Heckler & Koch HK36(d) | Heckler & Koch | 4.6×36 mm(d) | ![]() | Anii 1970 | |
Heckler & Koch HK416 | Heckler & Koch | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2004 |
Heckler & Koch HK433(d) | Heckler & Koch | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO, alte tipuri | ![]() | 2017 |
Howa Type 20(d) | Howa | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2020 |
Howa Type 89(d) | Howa | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1989 |
HS Produkt VHS(d) | HS Produkt | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2005 |
IMBEL MD97(d) | IMBEL | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1997 |
Q14807505(d) | IMBEL | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2012 |
T4 | Taurus (manufacturer) | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2017 |
IMI Galil | Israel Military Industries | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1972 |
IMI Tavor | Israel Weapon Industries | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1995 |
IWI Tavor X95(d) | Israel Weapon Industries | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO 5.45×39mm .300 AAC Blackoutm 5.56×30mm MINSAS(d) | ![]() | 2003 |
Ingram FBM(d) | Fabrica Boliviana de Municiones | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | Anii 1990 | |
Pușcă INSAS(d)[6] | Ordnance Factories Board | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1998 | |
Interdynamics MKS(d) | Interdynamics | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1979 |
Itajuba OVM | Fabrica de Itajuba | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1981 | |
IWI ACE(d) | Israel Weapons Industries | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 2008 |
KH-2002 Khaybar(d) | DIO | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2003 |
Kbkg wz. 1960(d) | ![]() | 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 1960 | |
Komodo Armament D5(d) | Komodo Armament | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2014(?) | |
Komodo Armament D7(d) | Komodo Armament | 7.62×51mm NATO | ![]() | 2014(?) | |
L64/65(d) | RSAF Enfield | 4.85×49mm(d) | ![]() | 1972 | |
SA80 | BAE Systems | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1970s |
T2 MK5(d) | Leader Dynamics Australian Automatic Arms | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1978 | |
LR-300(d) | Z-M Weapons | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2000 | |
Pușcă LSAT(d) | Muniție LSAT(d) | ![]() | 2008 | ||
M-16/ M-4 | Colt Defense | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1959 |
MK 556(d) | C.G. Haenel | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2020 |
MCIWS (sau AAR/F-INSAS)(d) | Ordnance Factory Tiruchirappalli | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO 7.62×39mm 6.8mm Remington SPC | ![]() | 2012 |
Pușcă de asalt Nesterov(d) | 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 1961 | ||
Norinco CQ(d) | Norinco | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | Anii 1980 |
OTs-12 Tiss(d) | KBP Instrument Design Bureau | ![]() | 9×39mm(d) | ![]() | Anii 1990 |
OTs-14 Groza(d) | TsKIB SOO | ![]() | 9x39mm 7.62x39mm | ![]() | 1994 |
Pindad SS1(d) | PT Pindad | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1991 |
Pindad SS2(d) | PT Pindad | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2005 |
Pistol Mitralieră model 1963/1965 | ROMARM | ![]() | 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 1963–1965 |
Pușcă Automată model 1986 | ROMARM | ![]() | 5.45×39mm | ![]() | 1986 |
Pușcă PVAR(d) | United Defense Manufacturing Corporation | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2011 | |
QBZ-95 / QBZ-97(d) | Norinco | ![]() | 5.8×42mm DBP87(d) / 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1995 |
QBZ-03(d) | Norinco | ![]() | 5.8×42mm DBP87 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2003 |
QTS-11(d) | Norinco | 5.8x42mm(d) | ![]() | ||
QBZ-191(d) | Norinco | ![]() | 5.8×42mm DBP87 5.8×42mm DBP88 5.8×42mm DBP95 5.8×42mm DBP10 | ![]() | 2019 |
Remington R4(d) | Remington Arms | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2010 | |
Remington R5 RGP(d) | Remington Arms | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2010 |
Rk 62(d) | Valmet SAKO | ![]() | 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 1962 |
Rk 95 TP(d) | SAKO | ![]() | 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 1990 |
Robinson Armament XCR(d) | Robinson Armament Co | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO 5.45×39mm 7.62×39mm 6.8mm Remington SPC 6.5mm GrendelO .260 Remington(d) | ![]() | 2004 |
RS556 | Rheinmetall & Steyr | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2017 | |
S&T Daewoo K11(d) | S&T Motiv | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2000 |
Sa vz. 58(d) | Česká zbrojovka | ![]() | 7.62×39mm M43(d) | ![]() | 1956 |
SAR 80(d) | Chartered Industries of Singapore (now known as ST Kinetics) | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1976 | |
SAR-21(d) | ST Kinetics | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1996 |
SIG MCX(d) | SIG Sauer | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO 300 AAC Blackout | ![]() | Anii 2010 |
SIG Sauer SIG516(d) | Schweizerische Industrie Gesellschaft | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO .223 Remington 7.62×39mm | ![]() | Anii 2000 |
SIG SG 530(d) | Schweizerische Industrie Gesellschaft | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | Anii 1960 | |
SIG SG 540(d) | Schweizerische Industrie Gesellschaft | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | Anii 1970 | |
SIG SG 550(d) | Swiss Arms AG | ![]() | 5.6 mm Gw Pat 90 | ![]() | Anii 1970 |
SOCIMI AR-831(d) | Socimi Franchi | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1985 | |
SOAR(d) | Ferfrans Specialties | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2004 |
SR-3 Vikhr(d) | Tula Arms Plant | ![]() | 9×39mm | ![]() | 1990s |
SR-47 | ![]() | 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 2001 | |
SR 88(d) | Chartered Industries of Singapore (now known as ST Kinetics) | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1978 | |
Sterling SAR-87(d) | Sterling Armaments Company | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | Anii 1980 | |
Steyr AUG | Steyr Mannlicher | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO m | ![]() | 1977 |
Steyr ACR(d) | Steyr Mannlicher | ![]() | 5.56×45mm annular-primed SCF | ![]() | 1987 |
STL-1A(d) | Z111 Factory | 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 2015 | |
Stoner 63(d) | Cadillac Gage | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1962 | |
StG 44 | C. G. Haenel Waffen und Fahrradfabrik | ![]() | 7.92×33mm Kurz | ![]() | 1942 |
StG 45(M)(d) | Mauser | 7.92×33mm Kurz | ![]() | 1944 | |
Pușcă STV(d) | Z111 Factory | ![]() | 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 2019 |
Pușcă de asalt T65(d) | 205th Armory | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1976 | |
Pușcă de asalt T86(d) | 205th Armory | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1992 |
Pușcă de asalt T91(d) | 205th Armory | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2002 |
TKB-072(d) | Tula Arms Plant | 5.45×39mm | ![]() | 1975 | |
TKB-517(d) | Tula Arms Plant | ![]() | 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 1952 |
Pușcă de asalt Trichy | Ordnance Factory Tiruchirappalli | ![]() | 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 2011 |
Pușcă de asalt AK 56(d) | Norinco | ![]() | 7.62×39mm M43 | ![]() | 1956 |
Pușcă de asalt Tip 58(d) | ![]() | 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 1958 | |
Pușcă de asalt Tip 63(d) | ![]() | 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 1959 | |
Pușcă de asalt Tip 81(d) | 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 1971 | ||
Pușcă de asalt Tip 88 | 5.45x39mm | ![]() | 1988 | ||
Norinco Type 86S(d) | Norinco | ![]() | 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 1980s |
VAHAN(d) | 5.45×39mm | ![]() | 1952 | ||
Valmet M76(d) | Valmet | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 1970s |
Valmet M82(d) | Valmet | 5.56×45mm NATO 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 1978 | |
VB Berapi LP06(d) | Vita Berapi | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2006 | |
Vektor CR-21(d) | Denel | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1997 |
Vektor R4(d) | Denel Land Systems | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1976 |
Vepr(d) | National Space Agency's R&D Center for precision engineering | ![]() | 5.45×39mm | ![]() | 2001 |
Wieger StG-940(d) | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO 5.45×39mm | ![]() ![]() | 1980s | |
Wimmersperg Spz(d) | 7.92×33mm Kurz | ![]() | 1944 | ||
Pușcă XM8(d) | Heckler & Koch | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() ![]() | 2003 |
Pușcă de asalt XT-97(d) | 205th Armory | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2008 |
XM29 OICW(d) | Heckler & Koch Alliant Techsystems | ![]() | 5.56x45mmm NATO | ![]() ![]() | |
Zastava M21(d) | Zastava Arms | ![]() | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 2004 |
Zastava M70(d) | Zastava Arms | ![]() | 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 1964 |
Zastava M80(d) | Zastava Arms | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1978 | |
Zastava M90(d) | Zastava Arms | 5.56×45mm NATO | ![]() | 1990 |
Legături externe
- ^ Taylor, C. The Fighting Rifle: A Complete Study of the Rifle in Combat. ISBN 0-87947-308-8.
- ^ Moyer, F.A. Special Forces Foreign Weapons Handbook. ISBN 0-87364-009-8.
- ^ Scroggie, R.J.; Moyer, Frank A. (decembrie 1988). Special Forces Combat Firing Techniques. ISBN 0-87364-010-1.
- ^ „Assault rifle”. Encyclopædia Britannica.
- ^ Jane's Gun Recognition Guide. Ian Hogg & Terry Gander. HarperCollins Publishers. 2005. page 330
- ^ 14 noiembrie 2021. „Oman army all set to use India's INSAS rifles”. hindustantimes.com. Arhivat din original la . Accesat în .