Waka–Kabic languages

Waka–Kabic
Waka-Gabi
Geographic
distribution
Queensland
Linguistic classificationPama–Nyungan
  • Southeast
    • North Coast
      • Waka–Kabic
Glottologwaka1283
Waka–Kabic languages (green) among Pama–Nyungan (tan). The Kingkel languages are the small area on the coast to the north.

The Waka–Kabic (Waka-Gabi) languages form a nearly extinct family of Pama–Nyungan languages of Australia.

  • Waka–Kabic
    • Than
      • Taribelang
      • Gubbi Gubbi (Kabikabi)
      • Tulua
    • Miyan
      • Wulli Wulli
      • Wakka Wakka
      • Barunggam (Muringam)

Miyan may be a single language, Wakawaka. Batjala, a possible dialect of Gubbi Gubbi, still has 89 speakers in 2021,[1] and Taribelang still has some L2 speakers.

The Kingkel languages, Darumbal and Bayali, are sometimes believed to be Waka-Kabic. Bowern (2011) moved Darumbal to the Maric languages, but did not address Bayali. The two languages are not close.

Footnotes

  1. ^ "Batjala". ethnologue.com.
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Paman languages
North
Northeast
Wik
Lamalamic
Yalanjic
Southwest
Norman
Thaypan
Southern
Other
Dyirbalic
Maric
Waka–Kabic
Durubalic
Gumbaynggiric
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Lower Murray
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Warluwaric
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Wati
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Yolŋu
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Macro-Gunwinyguan
Maningrida
Mangarrayi-Marran
Gunwinyguan
Other
Tangkic
Garrwan
  • v
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Pama–Nyungan
subgroups
Southeastern
Victorian P–N
New South Wales P–N
North Coast
Northern
Paman
Maric
Dyirbalic
Yimidhirr–Yalanji–Yidinic
Gulf
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Arandic–Thura–Yura
Karnic
Western
Yolŋu
Ngarna/Warluwarric
Desert Nyungic
South-West P–N
Tangkic
Garrwan
Macro-Gunwinyguan ?
Maningrida
Marran
Gunwinyguan proper
Western
Central
Eastern
YangmanicWagiman?
Other isolates
Iwaidjan
Central (Warrkbi)
Eastern (Goulburn Island)
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Marrku–Wurrugu ?
Darwin Region ?
Limilngan–Wulna?
Umbugarlic
Daly River Sprachbund
Wagaydyic (Anson Bay)
Northern Daly
Western Daly
Eastern Daly
Southern Daly
Mirndi
Yirram
Ngurlun
Jarrakan
Bunuban
Worrorran
Nyulnyulan
Western (Nyulnyulic)
Eastern (Dyukun)
isolates
Tasmanian
family-level groups
Western
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New Indigenous
languages and
Aboriginal Englishes
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creoles
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