United Nations Special Rapporteur on Violence Against Women
United Nations Special Rapporteur on Violence Against Women | |
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Incumbent since August 2021Reem Alsalem | |
Inaugural holder | Radhika Coomaraswamy |
Website | www |
On 4 March 1994 the Human Rights Council passed Resolution 1994/45 on the question of integrating the rights of women into the human rights mechanisms of the United Nations and the elimination of violence against women. This Resolution established the mandate of the "Special Rapporteur on Violence Against Women its causes and consequences". The initial appointment was for a three-year period.[1] As of November 2021[update] the special rapporteur was Reem Alsalem.[2]
Mandate
The special rapporteur is mandated to seek and receive information on violence against women, recommend ways to eliminate violence against women at national, regional and intersectionality levels, and work collaboratively with the other United Nations human rights mechanisms.[3]
Country visits
The special rapporteur is mandated to carry out country visits, often in conjunction with other special rapporteurs, independent experts or working groups.[4]
Reports to the Human Rights Council
Each year the Special Rapporteur provides a written report to the Human Rights Council outlining the activities undertaken and themes analyzed.[5]
Communications
The Special Rapporteur can send communications or letters to governments and other actors regarding human rights violations and concerns relating to bills, legislation, policies or practices that do not comply with international human rights law and standards.[6] In such communications, the Special Rapporteur has, amongst others, violence by corporations and intersectionality.[7]
Post-holders
- Radhika Coomaraswamy (1994–2003)
- Yakin Ertürk (2003–2009)
- Rashida Manjoo (2009–2015)
- Dubravka Šimonović (2015–2021)
- Reem Alsalem (2021–present)
References
- ^ "Question of integrating the rights of women into the human rights mechanisms of the United Nations and the elimination of violence against women". Archived from the original on 2 December 2005.
- ^ "Dubravka Šimonović, Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women, its causes and consequences". ohchr.org. United Nations: Office of the High Commissioner on Human Rights. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
- ^ "Preliminary report submitted by the Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences, Ms. Radhika Coomaraswamy, in accordance with Commission on Human Rights resolution 1994/45". 22 November 1994. Archived from the original on 11 December 2005.
- ^ "Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences – Country Visits". Archived from the original on 18 August 2004.
- ^ "Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences". Archived from the original on 18 August 2004.
- ^ "Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences".
- ^ Nissen, A. (2023). "Gender-Transformative Remedies for Women Human Rights Defenders". Business and Human Rights Journal. 8 (3): 369–393. doi:10.1017/bhj.2023.41. hdl:1887/3716539.
Further reading
- Erturk, Yakin; Thompson, Audrey. 15 years of the United Nations Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences (1994–2009) a critical review (PDF).
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& territories
- Belarus (Anaïs Marin)
- Burundi (Fortuné Gaetan Zongo)
- Cambodia (Vitit Muntarbhorn)
- Iran (Javaid Rehman)
- Myanmar (Tom Andrews)
- North Korea (Elizabeth Salmón)
- Palestine (Francesca Albanese)
- Russian Federation (Mariana Katzarova)
- Somalia (Isha Dyfan)
Thematic mandates
- Adequate Housing (Balakrishnan Rajagopal)
- Albinism (Muluka-Anne Miti-Drummond)
- Assembly and association (Gina Romero)
- Climate Change (Elisa Morgera)
- Contemporary Forms of Slavery (Tomoya Obokata)
- Cultural Rights (Alexandra Xanthaki)
- Democratic and Equitable International Order (Livingstone Sewanyana)
- Disabilities (Heba Hagrass)
- Education (Farida Shaheed)
- Effects of Economic Reform Policies and Foreign Debt on Human Rights (Attiya Waris)
- Environment (Astrid Puentes Riaño)
- Extrajudicial, Summary or Arbitrary Executions (Morris Tidball-Binz)
- Freedom of Peaceful Assembly and Association (Clément Nyaletsossi Voule)
- Freedom of Opinion and Expression (Irene Khan)
- Freedom of Religion or Belief (Nazila Ghanea)
- Human Rights Defenders (Mary Lawlor)
- Independence of Judges and Lawyers (Margaret Satterthwaite)
- Indigenous People (Francisco Cali Tzay)
- Internally Displaced Persons (Paula Gaviria Betancur)
- International Solidarity (Cecilia Bailliet)
- Leprosy (Beatriz Miranda-Galarza)
- Migrants (François Crépeau)
- Minority Issues (Fernand de Varennes)
- Negative Impact of the Unilateral Coercive Measures on the Enjoyment of Human Rights (Alena Douhan)
- Physical and Mental Health (Tlaleng Mofokeng)
- Privacy (Ana Brian Nougrères)
- Protecting Human Rights while Countering Terrorism (Ben Saul)
- Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance (Ashwini K.P.)
- Right to Food (Michael Fakhri)
- Sale and Sexual Exploitation of Children (Najat Maalla M'jid)
- Torture (Alice Jill Edwards)
- Trafficking in Persons (Siobhán Mullally)
- Transnational Corporations (Damilola Olawuyi)
- Truth, Justice, Reparation & non-Recurrence (Fabián Salvioli)
- Violence against Women (Reem Alsalem)
- Water and Sanitation (Pedro Arrojo Agudo)
- Illicit Movement of Toxic Waste (Marcos A. Orellana)