Systemic administration
Systemic administration is a route of administration of medication, nutrition or other substance into the circulatory system so that the entire body is affected.[1] Administration can take place via enteral administration (absorption of the drug through the gastrointestinal tract)[2] or parenteral administration (generally injection, infusion, or implantation).[3][4]
Contrast with topical administration where the effect is generally local.[4]
References
- ^ Hunnius Pharmazeutisches Wörterbuch (in German) (8th ed.). Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. 1998. p. 1477. ISBN 3-11-015793-4.
- ^ "Enteral administration - pharmacology". britannica.com. Retrieved 19 April 2018.
- ^ Hunnius Pharmazeutisches Wörterbuch (in German) (8th ed.). Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. 1998. pp. 472, 1029. ISBN 3-11-015793-4.
- ^ a b Mutschler, Ernst (2013). Arzneimittelwirkungen (in German) (10 ed.). Stuttgart: Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft. p. 8. ISBN 978-3-8047-2898-1.
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Routes of administration, dosage forms
Digestive tract (enteral) |
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Oral mucosa (buccal, sublabial, sublingual) |
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Respiratory tract (inhalation) |
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otic, nasal
- Nasal spray
- Ear drops
- Eye drops
- Ointment
- Hydrogel
- Insufflation
- Mucoadhesive microdisc
- Parenterals
- Injections
- infusions
(into tissue/blood)
Skin (transdermal) | ||
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Organs | ||
Central nervous system |
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Circulatory, musculoskeletal |
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