Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis
Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis (1824–1873),[1] also known by its standard botanical abbreviation Prodr. (DC.), is a 17-volume treatise on botany initiated by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle. De Candolle intended it as a summary of all known seed plants, encompassing taxonomy, ecology, evolution and biogeography. He authored seven volumes between 1824 and 1839, but died in 1841. His son, Alphonse de Candolle, then took up the work, editing a further ten volumes, with contributions from a range of authors. Volume 17 was published in October 1873.[2] The fourth and final part of the index came out in 1874.[3] The Prodromus remained incomplete, dealing only with dicotyledons.
In the Prodromus, De Candolle further developed his concept of families. Note that this system was published well before there were internationally accepted rules for botanical nomenclature. Here, a family is indicated as "ordo". Terminations for families were not what they are now. Neither of these phenomena is a problem from a nomenclatural perspective, the present day ICN provides for this. Within the dicotyledons ("classis prima DICOTYLEDONEÆ") the De Candolle system recognises (Pagination from Prodromus, 17 Parts) the list:
System
Subclassis I. THALAMIFLORÆ [Part I]
- ordo I. RANUNCULACEÆ (Page 1)
- ordo II. DILLENIACEÆ (Page 67)
- ordo III. MAGNOLIACEÆ (Page 77)
- ordo IV. ANONACEÆ [sic] (Page 83)
- ordo V. MENISPERMACEÆ (Page 95)
- ordo VI. BERBERIDEÆ
- ordo VII. PODOPHYLLACEÆ
- ordo VIII. NYMPHÆACEÆ
- ordo VIIIbis. SARRACENIACEÆ
- ordo IX. PAPAVERACEÆ
- ordo X. FUMARIACEÆ (Page 125)
- ordo XIbis. RESEDACEÆ
- ordo XI. CRUCIFERÆ
- ordo XII. CAPPARIDEÆ
- ordo XIII. FLACOURTIANEÆ
- ordo XIV. BIXINEÆ
- ordo XIVbis. LACISTEMACEÆ
- ordo XV. CISTINEÆ
- ordo XVI. VIOLARIEÆ
- ordo XVII. DROSERACEÆ
- ordo XVIII. POLYGALACEÆ
- ordo XIX. TREMANDREÆ
- ordo XX. PITTOSPOREÆ
- ordo XXI. FRANKENIACEÆ
- ordo XXII. CARYOPHYLLEÆ
- ordo XXIII. LINEÆ
- ordo XXIV. MALVACEÆ
- ordo XXV. BOMBACEÆ [sic]
- ordo XXVI. BYTTNERIACEÆ
- ordo XXVII. TILIACEÆ
- ordo XXVIII. ELÆOCARPEÆ
- ordo XXIX. CHLENACEÆ
- ordo XXIXbis. ANCISTROCLADEÆ
- ordo XXIXter. DIPTEROCARPEÆ
- ordo XXIXter.[sic] LOPHIRACEÆ
- ordo XXX. TERNSTROEMIACEÆ
- ordo XXXI. CAMELLIEÆ
- ordo XXXII. OLACINEÆ
- ordo XXXIII. AURANTIACEÆ
- ordo XXXIV. HYPERICINEÆ
- ordo XXXV. GUTTIFERÆ
- ordo XXXVI. MARCGRAVIACEÆ
- ordo XXXVII. HIPPOCRATEACEÆ
- ordo XXXVIII. ERYTHROXYLEÆ
- ordo XXXIX. MALPIGHIACEÆ
- ordo XL. ACERINEÆ
- ordo XLI. HIPPOCASTANEÆ
- ordo XLII. RHIZOBOLEÆ
- ordo XLIII. SAPINDACEÆ
- ordo XLIV. MELIACEÆ
- ordo XLV. AMPELIDEÆ
- ordo XLVI. GERANIACEÆ
- ordo XLVII. TROPÆOLEÆ
- ordo XLVIII. BALSAMINEÆ
- ordo XLIX. OXALIDEÆ
- ordo L. ZYGOPHYLLEÆ
- ordo LI. RUTACEÆ
- ordo LII. SIMARUBEÆ [sic]
- ordo LIII. OCHNACEÆ
- ordo LIV. CORIARIEÆ (Page 739)
(Index to Part I p. 741)
Subclassis II. CALYCIFLORÆ [Parts II – VII]
- ordo LV. CELASTRINEÆ [Part II],(Page 2)
- ordo LVI. RHAMNEÆ
- ordo LVII. BRUNIACEÆ
- ordo LVIII. SAMYDEÆ
- ordo LIX. HOMALINEÆ
- ordo LX. CHAILLETIACEÆ
- ordo LXI. AQUILARINEÆ
- ordo LXII. TEREBINTHACEÆ
- ordo LXIII. LEGUMINOSÆ
- ordo LXIV. ROSACEÆ (Page 525)
- ordo LXV. CALYCANTHEÆ [Part III], (Page 1)
- ordo LXVbis. MONIMIACEÆ
- ordo LXVI. GRANATEÆ
- ordo LXVII. MEMECYLEÆ
- ordo LXVIII. COMBRETACEÆ
- ordo LXIX. VOCHYSIEÆ
- ordo LXX RHIZOPHOREÆ
- ordo LXXI. ONAGRARIEÆ
- ordo LXXII. HALORAGEÆ
- ordo LXXIII. CERATOPHYLLEÆ
- ordo LXXIV. LYTHRARIEÆ
- ordo LXXIVbis. CRYPTERONIACEÆ
- ordo LXXV. TAMARISCINEÆ
- ordo LXXVI. MELASTOMACEÆ
- ordo LXXVII. ALANGIEÆ
- ordo LXXVIII. PHILADELPEÆ
- ordo LXXIX. MYRTACEÆ
- ordo LXXX. CUCURBITACEÆ
- ordo LXXXI. PASSIFLOREÆ
- ordo LXXXII. LOASEÆ
- ordo LXXXIII. TURNERACEÆ
- ordo LXXXIV. FOUQUIERACEÆ
- ordo LXXXV. PORTULACEÆ
- ordo LXXXVI. PARONYCHIEÆ
- ordo LXXXVII. CRASSULACEÆ
- ordo LXXXVIII. FICOIDEÆ (Page 415)
- ordo LXXXIX. CACTEÆ
- ordo XC. GROSSULARIEÆ
- ordo XCI. SAXIFRAGACEÆ [Part IV], (Page 1)
- ordo XCII. UMBELLIFERÆ
- ordo XCIII. ARALIACEÆ
- ordo XCIV. HAMAMELIDEÆ
- ordo XCV. CORNEÆ
- ordo XCVbis. HELWINGIACEÆ
- ordo XCVI. LORANTHACEÆ
- ordo XCVII. CAPRIFOLIACEÆ
- ordo XCVIII. RUBIACEÆ
- ordo XCIX. VALERIANEÆ
- ordo C. DIPSACEÆ (Page 643)
- ordo CI. CALYCEREÆ [Part V], (Page 1)
- ordo CII. COMPOSITÆ (Page 4); [Part VI], (Page 1); [Part VII], (Page 1)
- ordo CIII. STYLIDIEÆ [Part VII]
- ordo CIV. LOBELIACEÆ
- ordo CV. CAMPANULACEÆ
- ordo CVI. CYPHIACEÆ
- ordo CVII. GOODENOVIEÆ
- ordo CVIII. ROUSSÆACEÆ
- ordo CIX. GESNERIACEÆ
- ordo CX. SPHENOCLEACEÆ
- ordo CXI. COLUMELLIACEÆ
- ordo CXII. NAPOLEONEÆ
- ordo CXIII. VACCINIEÆ
- ordo CXIV. ERICACEÆ (Page 580) (Four tribes)
- Arbuteae (Page 580)
- Andromedae (Page 588)
- Ericeae (Page 612)
- Rhodoreae (Page 712) (Two subtribes)
- Rhododendreae (712) (Nine genera)
- Rhododendron (719) (Six sections)
- Buramia (720)
- Hymenanthes (721)
- Eurhododendron (721)
- Pogonanthum (725)
- Chamaecistus (725)
- Tsutsusi (726)
- Kalmia (728)
- Ledeae (729)
- ordo CXV. EPACRIDEÆ (Page 734)
- ordo CXVI. PYROLACEÆ
- ordo CXVII. FRANCOACEÆ
- ordo CXVIII. MONOTROPEÆ (Page 779)
Subclassis III. COROLLIFLORÆ [Parts VIII – XIII(1)]
- ordo CXIX. LENTIBULARIEÆ (Page 1)
- ordo CXX. PRIMULACEÆ
- ordo CXXI. MYRSINEACEÆ
- ordo CXXII. ÆGICERACEÆ
- ordo CXXIII. THEOPHRASTACEÆ
- ordo CXXIV. SAPOTACEÆ
- ordo CXXV. EBENACEÆ
- ordo CXXVI. STYRACACEÆ
- ordo CXXVII. OLEACEÆ
- ordo CXXVIIbis. SALVADORACEÆ
- ordo CXXVIII. JASMINEÆ
- ordo CXXIX. APOCYNACEÆ
- ordo CXXX. ASCLEPIADEÆ (Page 460)
- ordo CXXX[a?] LEONIACEÆ
- ordo CXXXI. LOGANIACEÆ [Part IX], (Page 1)
- ordo CXXXII. GENTIANACEÆ
- ordo CXXXIII. BIGNONIACEÆ
- ordo CXXXIV. SESAMEÆ
- ordo CXXXV. CYRTANDRACEÆ
- ordo CXXXVI. HYDROPHYLLACEÆ
- ordo CXXXVII. POLEMONIACEÆ
- ordo CXXXVII. [sic] CONVOLVULACEÆ
- ordo CXXXVIII. ERICYBEÆ
- ordo CXXXIX. BORRAGINEÆ [sic] (Page 466); [Part X], (Page 1)
- ordo CXL. HYDROLEACEÆ
- ordo CXLII. SCROPHULARIACEÆ (Page 186)
- ordo CXLII(I).[sic] SOLANACEÆ [Part XIII (1)], (Pages 1 – 692) out of sequence
- ordo CXLIV. OROBRANCHACEÆ [Part XI], (Page 1)
- ordo CXLV. ACANTHACEÆ
- ordo CXLVI. PHRYMACEÆ
- ordo CXLVII VERBENACEÆ
- ordo CXLVIII MYOPORACEÆ (Page 701)
- ordo CXLIX SELAGINACEÆ [Part XII], (Page 1)
- ordo CL. LABIATÆ
- ordo CLI. STILBACEÆ
- ordo CLII. GLOBULARIACEÆ
- ordo CLIII. BRUNONIACEÆ
- ordo CLIV. PLUMBAGINEÆ (Page 617)
- ordo CLV.[?] PLANTAGINACEÆ [Part XIII], (Page 693)
Subclassis IV. MONOCHLAMYDEÆ [Parts XIII(2) – XVI]
- ordo CLVI. PHYTOLACCACEÆ (Page 2)
- ordo CLVII. SALSOLACEÆ
- ordo CLVIII. BASELLACEÆ
- ordo CLIX. AMARANTACEÆ [sic]
- ordo CLX. NYCTAGINACEÆ (Page 425)
- ordo CLXI. POLYGONACEÆ [Part XIV], (Pages 1 – 186)
- ordo CLXII. LAURACEÆ [Part XIV], (Page 186); [Part XV(1)], (Pages 1 – 260) out of sequence
- ordo CLXIII. MYRISTICACEÆ (Page 187)
- ordo CLXIV. PROTEACEÆ (Page 209)
- ordo CLXV. PENÆACEÆ
- ordo CLXVI. GEISSOLOMACEÆ (Page 491)
- ordo CLXVII. THYMELÆACEÆ
- ordo CLXVIII. ELÆAGNACEÆ
- ordo CLXIX. GRUBBIACEÆ
- ordo CLXX. SANTALACEÆ (Page 619)
- ordo CLXXI. HERNANDIACEÆ [Part XV(1)], (Page 1)
- ordo CLXXII. BEGONIACEÆ
- ordo CLXXIII. DATISCACEÆ
- ordo CLXXIV. PAPAYACEÆ
- ordo CLXXV. ARISTOLOCHIACEÆ
- ordo CLXXVbis. NEPENTHACEÆ
- ordo CLXXVI. STACKHOUSIACEÆ (Page 419)
- [sic]
- ordo CLXXVIII. EUPHORBIACEÆ [Part XV(2)], (Page 1)
- ordo CLXXIX. DAPHNIPHYLLACEÆ [Part XVI(1)], (Page 1)
- ordo CLXXX. BUXACEÆ
- ordo CLXXXbis. BATIDACEÆ
- ordo CLXXXI. EMPETRACEÆ
- ordo CLXXXII. CANNABINEÆ
- ordo CLXXXIII. ULMACEÆ
- ordo CLXXXIIIbis. MORACEÆ
- ordo CLXXXIV. ARTOCARPEÆ
- ordo CLXXXV. URTICACEÆ
- ordo CLXXXVI. PIPERACEÆ
- [sic]
- ordo CLXXXVIII. CHLORANTHACEÆ
- ordo CLXXXIX. GARRYACEÆ (Page 486)
- ordo CXC. CUPULIFERÆ [Part XVI(2)], (Page 1)
- ordo CXCI. CORYLACEÆ (Page 124)
- ordo CXCII. JUGLANDEÆ (Page 134)
- ordo CXCIII. MYRICACEÆ (Page 147)
- ordo CXCIV. PLATANACEÆ
- ordo CXCV. BETULACEÆ (Page 161)
- ordo CXCVI. SALICINEÆ (Page 190)
- ordo CXCVII CASUARINEÆ (Page 332)
Other
Somewhat inconsistently the Prodromus also treats:
- GYMNOSPERMÆ [Part XVI(2)], (Page 345)
- ordo CXCVIII. GNETACEÆ (Page 347)
- ordo CXCIX. CONIFERÆ (Page 361)
- ordo CC. CYCADACEÆ (Pages 522 – 547)
- incertæ sedis
- ordo (dubiæ affin.) LENNOACEÆ
- ordo (affin. dubiæ) PODOSTEMACEÆ
- ordo num.? CYTINACEÆ
- ordo incertae sedis BALANOPHORACEÆ
(Overall Index Part XVII Page 323)
See also
History of botany
References
Bibliography
- Buek, H.W. (1840–1874). Genera, species et synonyma Candolleana: alphabetico ordine disposita, seu Index generalis et specialis ad A.P. Decandolle, Prodromum systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis. Berlin: Sumptibus librariae Nauckianae.
- de Candolle, AP (1824–1873). Prodromus systemati naturalis regni vegetabilis sive enumeratio contracta ordinum, generum specierumque plantarum huc usque cognitarum, juxta methodi naturalis normas digesta.
- Also available online on Botanicus at Prodromus and Gallica at Prodromus
- IPNI (2005). "Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis ... (DC.)". International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 19 October 2016.
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