PIPES
Names | |
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Preferred IUPAC name 2,2′-(Piperazine-1,4-diyl)di(ethane-1-sulfonic acid) | |
Other names PIPES | |
Identifiers | |
CAS Number |
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3D model (JSmol) |
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ChemSpider |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.024.598 |
PubChem CID |
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UNII |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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InChI
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Properties | |
Chemical formula | C8H18N2O6S2 |
Molar mass | 302.37 |
Appearance | White powder |
Melting point | Decomposes above 300 °C |
Boiling point | Decomposes |
Solubility in water | 1 g/L (100 °C) |
Hazards | |
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards | Irritant |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | 1 0 0 |
Safety data sheet (SDS) | External MSDS |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references |
PIPES (piperazine-N,N′-bis(2-ethanesulfonic acid)) is a frequently used buffering agent in biochemistry. It is an ethanesulfonic acid buffer developed by Good et al. in the 1960s.[1]
Applications
PIPES has two pKa values. One pKa (6.76 at 25 °C) is near the physiological pH which makes it useful in cell culture work. Its effective buffering range is 6.1-7.5 at 25 °C. The second pKa value is at 2.67 with a buffer range of from 1.5-3.5. PIPES has been documented minimizing lipid loss when buffering glutaraldehyde histology in plant and animal tissues.[2][3] Fungal zoospore fixation for fluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy were optimized with a combination of glutaraldehyde and formaldehyde in PIPES buffer.[4] It has a negligible capacity to bind divalent ions.[5]
See also
References
- ^ Good, Norman E.; Winget, G. Douglas; Winter, Wilhelmina; Connolly, Thomas N.; Izawa, Seikichi; Singh, Raizada M. M. (1966). "Hydrogen Ion Buffers for Biological Research". Biochemistry. 5 (2): 467–77. doi:10.1021/bi00866a011. PMID 5942950.
- ^ Salema, R. and Brando, I., J. Submicr. Cytol., 9, 79 (1973).
- ^ Schiff, R.I. and Gennaro, J.F., Scaning Electron Microsc., 3, 449 (1979).
- ^ Hardham, A.R. (1985). "Studies on the cell surface of zoospores and cysts of the fungus Phytophthora cinnamomi: The influence of fixation on patterns of lectin binding". Journal of Histochemistry. 33 (2): 110–8. doi:10.1177/33.2.3918095. PMID 3918095.
- ^ "Hopax Fine Chemicals - Biological buffers and their interactions with metal ions".
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(no additional rings)
- Aminoethylpiperazine
- Diethylcarbamazine
- HEPPS
- Midafotel
- Piperazine
- PIPES
- 2C-B-PP
- 3,4-CFP
- Acaprazine
- Antrafenine
- Aripiprazole
- Batoprazine
- Bifeprunox
- BRL-15,572
- Ciprofloxacin
- CSP-2503
- Dapiprazole
- DCPP
- DMPP
- Diphenylpiperazine
- Dropropizine
- EGIS-12,233
- Elopiprazole
- Eltoprazine
- Enpiprazole
- Ensaculin
- Etoperidone
- Flesinoxan
- Fluanisone
- Flibanserin
- Fluprazine
- Itraconazole
- Ketoconazole
- Levodropropizine
- Lorpiprazole
- mCPP
- Mefway
- MeOPP
- Mepiprazole
- Naftopidil
- Naluzotan
- Naphthylpiperazine
- Nefazodone
- Niaprazine
- Oxypertine
- Pardoprunox
- pCPP
- pFPP
- Posaconazole
- S-14,506
- S-14,671
- S-15,535
- SB-258,585
- SB-271,046
- SB-357,134
- SB-399,885
- Sonepiprazole
- TFMPP
- Tolpiprazole
- Trazodone
- Urapidil
- Vesnarinone
- Vilazodone
- Vortioxetine
- WAY-100,135
- WAY-100,635
(benzhydrylalkylpiperazines)
- AD-1211
- Almitrine
- Amperozide
- BRL-15,572
- Buclizine
- BW373U86
- Cetirizine
- Chlorbenzoxamine
- Chlorcyclizine
- Cinnarizine
- Clocinizine
- Cyclizine
- DBL-583
- Diphenpipenol
- Diphenylmethylpiperazine
- Dotarizine
- DPI-221
- DPI-287
- DPI-3290
- GBR-12,783
- GBR-12,935
- GBR-13,069
- GBR-13,098
- GBR-13,119
- Hydroxyzine
- JJC8-088
- Lidoflazine
- Manidipine
- Meclozine
- MT-45
- Oxatomide
- SNC-80
- Vanoxerine
(piperazine attached via side chain)
- Amoxapine
- Clopenthixol
- Clorotepine
- Clozapine
- Cyanothepin
- Doclothepin
- Docloxythepin
- Flupentixol
- Fluphenazine
- Isofloxythepin
- Loxapine
- Meperathiepin
- Metitepine
- Octomethothepin
- Olanzapine
- Opipramol
- Oxyclothepin
- Oxyprothepin
- Peradithiepin
- Perathiepin
- Perazine
- Perphenazine
- Pirenzepine
- Prochlorperazine
- Thiethylperazine
- Thiothixene
- Trifluoperazine
- Trifluthepin
- Zuclopenthixol
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