Metre-gauge railway
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Metre-gauge railways (US: meter-gauge railways) are narrow-gauge railways with track gauge of 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) or 1 metre.[1]
Metre gauge is used in around 95,000 kilometres (59,000 mi) of tracks around the world.[citation needed] It was used by several European colonial powers including France, Britain and Germany in their colonies. In Europe, large metre-gauge networks remain in use in Switzerland, Spain and many European towns with urban trams, but most metre-gauge local railways in France, Germany and Belgium closed down in the mid-20th century, although some still remain. With the revival of urban rail transport, metre-gauge light metros were built in some cities. The slightly-wider 1,009 mm (3 ft 3+23⁄32 in) gauge is used in Sofia. Another similar gauge is 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm).
Examples of metre-gauge
Country/territory | Railway |
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Argentina | 11,080 km (6,880 mi) |
Austria |
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Bangladesh | 1,830 km (1,140 mi), out of which 365 km (227 mi) are dual gauge with 1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in) gauge |
Belgium |
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Benin | 578 km (359 mi) |
Bolivia | 3,600 km (2,200 mi) |
Brazil | 23,489 km (14,595 mi)
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Bulgaria | 154 km (96 mi) of 1,009 mm (3 ft 3+23⁄32 in) gauge
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Burkina Faso |
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Burma | 3,200 kilometres (2,000 mi) 160 kilometres (99 mi)
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Cambodia | 612 km (380 mi) |
Cameroon | 1,104 km (686 mi) |
Chile | 2,923 km (1,816 mi) |
China |
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Croatia |
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Czech Republic | Like other Sudeten cities, the trams of Liberec used metre gauge in the past. All lines however have been rebuilt to standard gauge. |
Democratic Republic of the Congo | Several metre gauge railways |
Denmark | A few local railways. Only one remains, but regauged to standard gauge.
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Egypt |
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Finland |
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France | Historically used in many local and regional railways, only a few of which remain today.
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Germany |
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Greece | The Piraeus, Athens and Peloponnese Railways used to be the largest metre-gauge network in Europe but are now largely abandoned. Only the suburban rail service of Patras, and the Olympia–Katakolo tourist railway still use the network. |
Hungary |
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India | Nilgiri Mountain Railway (operating) |
Iraq | Mesopotamian Railways |
Israel | Sections of 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) railways, later converted to 1,050 mm (3 ft 5+11⁄32 in) or 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) gauge |
Italy |
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Ivory Coast |
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Kenya |
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Laos | A 3.5 km extension of the metre-gauge State Railway of Thailand network across the border into Laos |
Latvia | Liepāja tramway (operating) |
Madagascar | 875 km (544 mi). There are two unconnected systems operated by Madarail |
Malaysia | |
Mali | 641 km (398 mi) Dakar–Niger Railway |
Malta | Malta Railway |
Morocco | Several industrial railways in former Spanish Morocco |
New Zealand | Wellington Cable Car (operating) |
Norway |
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Pakistan |
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Poland |
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Portugal | Several mainly mountainous branch lines, mostly abandoned in the 1990s, never fully interconnected — connected to the REFER network by means of shared stations and some dual-gauge stretches. Metro de Mirandela and Vouga line remain in use. Other metric networks include Funchal rack railway (defunct in 1943), Coimbra trams (defunct in 1980), and Sintra trams. |
Puerto Rico | Full network of Puerto Rican 1000mm railways in 1920: 654 km (406 mi)[2]
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Romania |
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Russia |
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Senegal | Dakar–Niger Railway – 1,287 km (800 mi) |
Serbia | Belgrade Tram (operating) |
Singapore | Singapore span of the Keretapi Tanah Melayu (Malayan Railway) for shuttle service. |
Slovakia |
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Spain |
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Sweden | Skansens bergbana (operating) |
Switzerland |
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Tanzania | Tanzania Railways Corporation – about 2,600 km (1,600 mi) (break of gauge with 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) TAZARA Railway) |
Thailand | State Railway of Thailand, 4,346 km (2,700 mi). |
Togo | 568 km (353 mi). |
Tunisia | 1,674 km (1,040 mi) used along with standard gauge (471 km (293 mi)) |
Turkey |
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Uganda |
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Ukraine |
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United Kingdom |
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United States |
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Vietnam | Vietnam Railways and KunHe Railway |
See also
References
- ^ Raja, K. "Complete information on Railway Gauges". Retrieved April 30, 2017.
- ^ «Los ferrocarriles de uso público en Puerto Rico (1870-1990)», Antonio Santamaría García (1994). Revista Complutense de Historia de América XX: pp. 207-228
- ^ Contexto histórico e inventario del ferrocarril en Puerto Rico, 1850-1953 - Primera parte: Trasfondo histórico
- ^ «Conservando una Romántica Tradición», Dave Deyo, Railroading, Number 43, Second Quarter (1972): pp. 6-18]
- ^ Brandon, Andrew. "The Sierra Lumber Company". Pacific Narrow Gauge.
External links
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Minimum-gauge railways
- 15 in (381 mm)
- 400 mm (15+3⁄4 in)
- 16 in (406 mm)
- 18 in (457 mm)
- 19 in (483 mm)
- 500 mm (19+3⁄4 in)
- 20 in (508 mm)
- 21 in (533 mm)
- 1 ft 10 in (559 mm)
- 2 foot and 600 mm
- 2 ft 3 in (686 mm)
- 750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in)
- 760 mm (2 ft 5+15⁄16 in)
- 2 ft 6 in (762 mm)
- 800 mm (2 ft 7+1⁄2 in)
- 891 mm (2 ft 11+3⁄32 in) Swedish three foot
- 900 mm (2 ft 11+7⁄16 in)
- 3 ft (914 mm)
- 950 mm (3 ft 1+3⁄8 in) Italian metre gauge
- 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge
- 1,050 mm (3 ft 5+11⁄32 in),
- 1,055 mm (3 ft 5+1⁄2 in),
- 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
- 1,093 mm (3 ft 7 in),
- 1,100 mm (3 ft 7+5⁄16 in),
- 1,200 mm (3 ft 11+1⁄4 in)
- 4 ft (1,219 mm)
- 4 ft 1 in (1,245 mm), Middleton Railway
- 4 ft 6 in (1,372 mm), Scotch gauge
- 4 ft 6+1⁄2 in (1,384 mm), Scotch gauge
- 4 ft 7+3⁄4 in (1,416 mm)
- 4 ft 8 in (1,422 mm), almost standard gauge
- 4 ft 8+1⁄4 in (1,429 mm)
- 1,432 mm (4 ft 8+3⁄8 in)
- 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in / 1,435 mm, Stephenson gauge
- 1,440 mm (4 ft 8+11⁄16 in)
- 1,445 mm (4 ft 8+7⁄8 in)
- 1,450 mm (4 ft 9+3⁄32 in)
- 4 ft 9+3⁄8 in (1,457 mm)
- 1,458 mm (4 ft 9+13⁄32 in)
- 4 ft 10+7⁄8 in (1,495 mm), Toronto gauge
- 5 ft / 1,524 mm and 1,520 mm (4 ft 11+27⁄32 in), Russian gauge.
- 5 ft 2+1⁄4 in / 1,581 mm and 5 ft 2+1⁄2 in / 1,588 mm, Pennsylvania gauge
- 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm), Irish gauge
- 5 ft 4+1⁄2 in (1,638 mm), Baltimore gauge
- 1,668 mm (5 ft 5+21⁄32 in), Iberian gauge
- 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm), Indian gauge
- 1,945 mm (6 ft 4+9⁄16 in), De Arend
- 7 ft 1⁄4 in (2,140 mm), Brunel gauge
- 3,000 mm (9 ft 10+1⁄8 in), Breitspurbahn
- 8,200 mm (26 ft 10+27⁄32 in), Lärchwandschrägaufzug
- 9,000 mm (29 ft 6+5⁄16 in), Krasnoyarsk ship lift
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- by imperial units
- by metric units
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- lists of track gauges