Mephisto Polka
The Mephisto Polka (S. 217) is a piece of program music written in folk-dance style for solo piano by Franz Liszt in 1882–83. The work's program is the same as that of the same composer's four Mephisto Waltzes, written respectively in 1859–60, 1880–81, 1882 and 1885 and based on the legend of Faust, not by Goethe but by Nikolaus Lenau (1802–50). The following program note, which Liszt took from Lenau, appears in the printed score of the Mephisto Waltz No. 1:
There is a wedding feast in progress in the village inn, with music, dancing, carousing. Mephistopheles and Faust pass by, and Mephistopheles induces Faust to enter and take part in the festivities. Mephistopheles snatches the fiddle from the hands of a lethargic fiddler and draws from it indescribably seductive and intoxicating strains. The amorous Faust whirls about with a full-blooded village beauty in a wild dance; they waltz in mad abandon out of the room, into the open, away into the woods. The sounds of the fiddle grow softer and softer, and the nightingale warbles his love-laden song.[1]
The first recording of this piece was by France Clidat in her traversal of Liszt's works for Decca.[2]
Dedication
The Mephisto Polka was dedicated to Lina Schmalhausen, one of Liszt's "inner-circle" piano students. However, she is remembered more as one among the closest and most ardently devoted of Liszt's followers, frequently attending to and assisting in the many needs of the aged master whose health was in rapid decline.
Form
This work appears the simplest and technically least challenging of all the Mephisto dances; except for the Bagatelle sans tonalité, it is also the shortest. Tonally, it is also mildest and can appear to be a fully tonal composition, with chromaticism limited to neighboring-tone and chordal sonority varieties. These passages are usually realized on the left hand in chordal or arpeggiated figures. However, the simplicity in notation disguises the true character of the music. There is no functional harmony to clearly create the relational behavior of tonic, dominant, and subdominant harmonic functions. If anything, the general impression of the music is modal, with the piece constantly in flux. Any suggested tonality is quickly undermined by the following sonority, which may in turn vaguely (and now even more weakly) suggest another tonal focus.[3] The most haunting touch is at the end, when the piece simply stops without explanation.[4] with a solitary F natural above middle C sounding, then dying out.[5]
See also
- Bagatelle sans tonalité
- Mephisto Waltzes
References
Bibliography
- ed. Ewen, David, The Complete Book of Classical Music (Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1965). Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 65-11033
- ed. Hamilton, Kenneth, The Cambridge Companion to Liszt (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005). ISBN 0-521-64462-3 (paperback).
- Baker, James M., "A survey of the late piano works"
- Hamilton, Kenneth, "Early and Weimar piano works"
- Howard, Leslie, Notes for Hyperion CDA66201, Liszt Waltzes, Leslie Howard, piano.
- Howard, Leslie, Notes for Hyperion CDA68011/2, Liszt Dances and Marches, Leslie Howard, piano.
- Walker, Alan, Liszt: The Final Years, 1861-1886 (Cornell University Press, 1997).
- Searle, Humphrey, ed. Stankey Sadie, "Liszt, Franz," The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 20 vols. (London: MacMillan, 1980). ISBN 0-333-23111-2.
- Searle, Humphrey, "Liszt's Final Period," Oxford Journals 1 April 1952.[permanent dead link]
- v
- t
- e
- Faust
- Johann Georg Faust
- Deal with the Devil
- Simon Magus
- Theophilus of Adana
- Erdgeist
- Mephistopheles
- Pan Twardowski
- Stingy Jack
- Historia von D. Johann Fausten (1587 chapbook)
- Doctor Faustus (1592 play)
- Cenodoxus (1602, play)
- Goethe's Faust (1808 play)
- "Bearskin"
- "Daniel and the Devil"
- Melmoth the Wanderer (1820)
- "The Devil and Tom Walker" (1824)
- St. John's Eve (1830)
- Auriol (1844)
- Chasse-galerie (1892)
- The Sorrows of Satan (1896)
- Exploits and Opinions of Dr. Faustroll, Pataphysician (1898)
- The Master and Margarita (1929–1940)
- Mephisto (1936)
- "The Devil and Daniel Webster" (1937)
- None but Lucifer (1939)
- Doktor Faustus (1947)
- The Devil in Velvet (1951)
- The Year the Yankees Lost the Pennant (1954)
- Gimmicks Three (1956)
- The Devil to Pay in the Backlands (1956)
- That Hell-Bound Train (1958)
- For a Breath I Tarry (1966)
- The Damnation Game (1986)
- Eric (1990)
- The Devil's Own Work (1991)
- Jack Faust (1997)
- Johannes Cabal the Necromancer (2009)
- The Last Faust (2019)
- Gretchen (1879)
- Damn Yankees (1955)
- Will Success Spoil Rock Hunter? (1955)
- The Black Bonspiel of Wullie MacCrimmon (1965)
- Temptation (1986)
- Il Dottor Faust (2018)
- Faust (1816, Spohr)
- La damnation de Faust (1846, Berlioz)
- Faust (1859, Gounod)
- Mefistofele (1868, Boito)
- Le petit Faust (1869, Hervé)
- Faust and Marguerite (1855, Lutz)
- Faust up to Date (1888, Lutz)
- Doktor Faust (1916–1925, Busoni)
- Doctor Faustus Lights the Lights (1938)
- The Rake's Progress (1951, Stravinsky)
- Reuben, Reuben (1955)
- Historia von D. Johann Fausten (1994)
- Faustus, the Last Night (2006)
- Gretchen am Spinnrade (1814, Schubert)
- Faust Overture (1840, Wagner)
- Grande sonate 'Les quatre âges' 2nd movement "Quasi-Faust" (1847, Alkan)
- Scenes from Goethe's Faust (1853, Schumann)
- Part II of Symphony No. 8 (1906–07, Mahler)
- Faust Symphony (1854–1857, Liszt)
- Mephisto Waltzes (Liszt)
- Gothic Symphony (Brian)
- Bagatelle sans tonalité (Liszt)
Albums |
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Songs |
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- The Laboratory of Mephistopheles (1897)
- Faust and Marguerite (1900)
- The Damnation of Faust (1903)
- Faust and Marguerite (1904)
- The Student of Prague (1913)
- Rapsodia satanica (1915)
- The Student of Prague (1926)
- Faust (1926)
- The Devil and Daniel Webster (1941)
- Alias Nick Beal (1949)
- The Legend of Faust (1949)
- Beauty and the Devil (1950)
- Marguerite de la nuit (1955)
- Damn Yankees (1958)
- Faust (1960)
- Bedazzled (1967)
- Doctor Faustus (1967)
- El extraño caso del doctor Fausto (1969)
- Mephisto (1981)
- Doctor Faustus (1982)
- Oh, God! You Devil (1984)
- Crossroads (1986)
- Faust (1994)
- Bedazzled (2000)
- Faust: Love of the Damned (2000)
- Fausto 5.0 (2001)
- I Was a Teenage Faust (2002)
- Shortcut to Happiness (2007)
- Goat Story (2008)
- Faust (2011)
- The Last Faust (2019)
Episodes |
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Other |
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- Damn Yankees (1955)
- Randy Newman's Faust (1995)
- Success! (1993)
- Faust (2003)
- Disco Inferno (2004)
- Gods' Man (1929)
- Faust (manga) (1950)
- Doctor Faustus (comics) (1968)
- Faust (comics) (1987)
- Frau Faust (2014)
- Mephistopheles and Margaretta
- Paintings
- Category