Mayang (boat)

Perahu Mayang or simply mayang is a type of fishing boat from Java, Indonesia. This type of boat is used mainly for fishing and trading. Historically, this indigenous vessel is also favored by European skippers and private merchants for trading in East Indies: 50% of them were using mayang and pencalang.^[1] It is mostly used in northern coast of Java. The major production site is in Rembang, Central Java.^[2]

The name mayang comes from payang (a type of seine) used by local fishermen. Thus the name can be translated as "using payang".^[3]

Major portion of the mayang hull is built using teak wood. The hull shape is broad, flat-bottomed with a pronounced bow and stern. It is deckless, but may have a covered "house" in the middle of the boat. Mayang are also built with a watertight bulkhead. In the 18th century, a Mayang is described as having a crew of 6 or 9 and is 12.2 to 15 metres long; with a 7.24 tonne burthen.^[2] A boat from 1850 had a beam of 3 m, a length of 12 m, and a depth of 1 m. There were at least 9 compartments for storing fish (called petak), three of them in front of the mast, separated from each other by bulkheads. The planks are all fixed by treenails (pasak) into the bulkheads.^[4] A Mayang has 1 mast with 1 sail of tanja, lateen, or crab claw type, with the tanja being the most common. It is steered using 1 axial rudder or 2 quarter (side) rudders.^[5] For defense, the mayang has no cannon, but has 1 swivel gun and 2 snaphaunces.^[6] Modern mayang are also equipped with an engine, and some of them also had a keel. A modern mayang is about 10–15 m long, 2–3 m breadth, with 0.5–0.9 m high hull. Mast height is 8–9 m, with sail area about 14x16 m2.

Linggi (the foremost part of the frame) is about 2.1 m high, about 1.2 m in width and adorned with traditional motifs like flower, horse head, wayang figure and writings in bright colors. Its striking feature is the high mast with very long pembawon (the topmost bamboo spar used to tie the sail, in case with tanja type sail). To furl the sail, the lower spar/boom called penggiling is used. Mayang has shallow draft which makes it suitable to go to shore and rivers. The large sail propel the boat with relatively high speed, when the wind is unavailable row or paddle can be used instead.^[7]

The shape of the boat varied depending on location. In Madura, the mayang is an introduced boat. It is quite similar in construction technique to a perahu jaring but beamier and having a horn-like pole which is carried beyond the sides of the boat to the stern to support the net. Mayang from madura have a small bow, while the ones from East Java have a large brightly colored flat bow. Madurese mayang used the Madurese lete sail. East Javan mayang adopted the Madurese sail, with a tall mast, sail supporting ropes, the other mayang rigging is maintained. In western coast of Java, a mayang's bow tend to be smaller. In Rembang the boat has 2 vertical poles behind the stempost and is dubbed as a konting.^[4]

• 
  Mayang with a large fishing trap in the Thousand islands, bay of Batavia.
• 
  Mayang from Besuki, east Java
• 
  Two mayang in Anyer beach, by Jan Brandes, 1779.
• 
  Jan Brandes' detailed sketch of an open Mayang, 1808.

• Perahu
• Pencalang
• Chialoup
• Kakap
• Jukung, another Indonesian traditional fishing boat
• Perahu payang, fishing boat from Malay peninsula

• Perahu Mayang Archived 2019-05-25 at the Wayback Machine

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Austronesian ships

Ship types
Taiwan Kavalan Mangka Thao Ruza Tao Ipanitika Tatara Island Southeast Asia Brunei Bajak Bangkong Gubang Jong Kakap Penjajap Tongkang Indonesia Abak Bagan Bago Bajak Bangkong Banting Benawa Borobudur ship Cerucuh Chialoup Eloha Fakatora Ghali Ghurab Golekan Janggolan Jellore Jong Jongkong Juanga Jukung Jukung tambangan Kakap Kalulis Kelulus Kolay Kolekole Knabat bogolu Kora kora Kotta mara K'un-lun po Lancang Lancaran Lepa Lepa-Lepa Leti leti Lis-alis Londe Malangbang Mayang Orembai Padewakang Paduwang Pajala Paledang Penjajap Pangkur Patorani Pelang Pencalang Perahu Pinisi Lambo Palari Sampan Sampan panjang Sandeq Sarua Sekong Solu Teneh Tongkang Toop Malaysia Bajak Bangkong Banting Bedar Buggoh Birau Cerucuh Ghali Ghurab Jong Juanga Kakap Kolek Lancang Lancaran Lepa Pelang Pencalang Penjajap Perahu payang Perahu tambangan Pinas Sampan Sampan panjang Tongkang Moken Kabang Philippines Armadahan Avang Awang Balación Balangay (Barangay) Baloto Bangka Bangka anak-anak Basnigan Batil Bigiw Bilo Birau Biray Biroko (Birok, Bidok) Buggoh Casco Chinarem Chinedkeran Dinahit Djenging (Balutu) Falua Garay Guilalo Juanga Junkun Junkung Karakoa Kulibo Lanong Lapis Lepa (Kumpit, Pidlas) Ontang Owong Panineman Pasaplap Pangayaw Paraw Salambaw Salisipan Sapyaw Seberen Tapake Tataya Tempel Tilimbao (Tinimbao) Tiririt (Buti) Vinta (Dapang, Pilang) Singapore Sampan panjang Tongkang Island Melanesia Admiralty Islands Endrol Kel Fiji Camakau Drua (Waqa tabu) Takia Green Islands Kǒp Tsǐne Papua New Guinea Lakatoi Solomon Islands Binabina Lisi (Solima) Tepukei Tomako (Mon, Ora) Vanuatu Aka Angga Wangga Micronesia Caroline Islands Wa Wahr Waserak Kiribati Baurua Marshall Islands Korkor Tipnol Walap Northern Marianas Duding Duduli Galaideʻ (Agaraide) Ladjak Lelek Panga Sakman (Flying proa) Palau Kaep Wa Yap Chugpin Popow Wa Polynesia Cook Islands Vaka Vaka katea Hawaii Mālia Waʻa Waʻa kaulua Marquesas Vaka touʻua New Zealand Waka Waka hourua Waka taua Waka tīwai Samoa ʻalia Amatasi Fautasi Laʻau Lualua (Foulua) Paopao Vaʻa Vaʻa-alo Vaʻa-tele Society Islands Ivahah Pahi Tipairua Vaʻa Tonga Hamatafua Kalia Pōpao Tongiaki Tuvalu Paopao Madagascar Malagasy Lakana Sakalava Laka fiara		Ipanitika Wa'a kaulua Paraw Wa Padewakang

Ship construction & sailing

Rigging Crab claw sail Junk rig Pinisi rig Tanja sail Hull Catamaran Lashed-lug boat Multihull Outrigger Outrigger boat Polynesian multihull terminology Proa Sewn boat Trimaran Navigation Fanuankuwel Fealofani Bruun Hipour Kafeŕoor List of Māori waka Makassan contact with Australia Māori migration canoes Marshall Islands stick chart Mau Piailug Polynesian navigation Rapwi Tākitimu Weriyeng Yapese navigation Trade Austronesian maritime trade network Hiri trade cycle Kula ring Lapita trade network Lingling-o Maritime Silk Road Sa Huynh-Kalanay Interaction Sphere Sepik Coast exchange Spice trade Trepanging Archaeology Balangay (Butuan boats) Borobudur ship Cirebon shipwreck Other Apilan Burulan Daramba Kota mara

Ship replicas

Cook Islands Maire Nui Marumaru Atua Te Au o Tonga Federated States of Micronesia Halametaw Quest Sailoam French Polynesia Faʻafaite Tahiti Nui Guam Saina Hawaii Alingano Maisu Hawaiʻiloa Hikianalia Hōkūleʻa Hokualakai Iosepa Makali'i Indonesia Alfred Wallace Hati Marege Nur Al Marege Samudra Raksa Spirit of Majapahit Malaysia Naga Pelangi New Zealand Aotearoa One Haunui Ngahiraka Mai Tawhiti Pūmaiterangi Te Aurere Philippines Balatik Diwata ng Lahi Lahi ng Maharlika Masawa Hong Butuan Raya Kolambu Raya Siyagu Sama Tawi-Tawi Sarimanok Sultan sin Sulu Samoa Gaualofa

• See also:
• Lapita culture
• Domesticated plants and animals of Austronesia