This is a list of television networks and stations in Indonesia. Since the establishment of TVRI, Indonesians could only watch one television channel. In 1989, the government allowed RCTI to broadcast as the first private television network in Indonesia, although only people who had a decoder could watch; it was opened to the public on 24 August 1990.[1] Private television (other than TPI/MNCTV) began broadcasting nationally on 24 August 1993.[2]
Free-to-air television
The following lists free-to-air television networks and stations in Indonesia.
Depending on types of broadcast, free-to-air television networks and stations can be received by either using a UHF/VHF antenna or free-to-air satellite dish. Since the enactment of Act No. 32 of 2002 on Broadcasting (Undang-Undang No. 32 Tahun 2002 tentang Penyiaran), all private terrestrial television broadcasts licences are granted only to local television stations. Any television entities that wish to broadcast nationally must affiliate with other local stations.[3]
Most of them air on both analog and digital terrestrial, as part of the broadcast system transition from analog to digital. All analog terrestrial broadcasts in Indonesia began to be phased out on 30 April 2022 and completely shut down on 2 November 2022.[4]
Networks
The following lists television networks sorted by launch date and ownership; both commercial and non-commercial, also whether the broadcast coverage includes all provinces or only a few regions. Parts of these television networks previously received analog terrestrial broadcasting.
Unless cited, some number of affiliates/transmitters are sourced from respective network articles in Wikipedia (either Indonesian or English) without any references.
Television station groups
The following lists media groups (all of which are private) whose members are local television stations, but which do not air joint programs at the same time or simultaneously as television networks do.
Local television stations in Indonesia are divided into local public television stations (as Local Public Broadcasting Institutions or Lembaga Penyiaran Publik Lokal, abbreviated as LPPL), local private television stations, and community television stations.
Due to the unclear distinction of 'television network', 'local bureau', 'regional station' of a television network[nb 25] and 'local television station' in practice, the list below, ordered by province, only includes TVRI stations, independent stations, and stations affiliated (which were formerly independent) with one of the networks formed after the Broadcasting Act signed into law while still retaining their original name.
In addition to the terrestrial system, many television stations in Indonesia also air through satellite and can only be caught using a parabolic antenna. Almost all terrestrial broadcasts, both from national television networks and several local television stations, also air through satellite and can be caught through a parabolic antenna.[7]
^TVRI regional station system is based on province, thus a regional station can have multiple transmitters across its respective provinces.
^MNC Media's ownership of iNews through iNews Media Group.
^MNCTV rebranded from their previous name TPI on 20 October 2010. MNCTV currently sets its anniversary date on 20 October, even it still traces its age from the inception of TPI in 1991.
^"News-oriented" is not to be confused with "news" network which offers full news-related and factual programming. This refers to any network whose a majority of its programming are news-related and factual, while also airing non-news programming such as sports and religion or entertainment.
^Moji rebranded from their previous name O Channel on 21 August 2022. But since Moji's 18th anniversary fell on 2 August 2023, Moji currently sets its anniversary date on that date, even it still traces its age from the inception of O Channel in 2005.
^Mentari TV also airs non-kids programming, such as soap operas.
^ Visi Media Asia's ownership of ANTV through MDIA.
^ abDigital broadcast of Magna Channel, which only covers Makassar, Bandar Lampung, Manado, Lombok, and Banda Aceh, are now part of the Garuda TV network. However, it is not yet known whether these networks will be acquired or only temporarily borrowed until separate legal entities are established.
^ abDigital broadcast of Magna Channel, which only covers Banjarmasin, Semarang, Surabaya, and Malang, as well as digital broadcast of BN Channel, which only covers Makassar, are now part of the Nusantara TV network. However, it is not yet known whether these networks will be acquired or only temporarily borrowed until separate legal entities are established.
^Digital broadcast of Harum TV, Gold TV, and Bhineka TV is currently only available through the provision of Nusantara TV multiplexing in Bandar Lampung and Bali, although until now they are still conducting broadcast trials.
^ abDigital broadcast of BTV only covers 15 regions on a national relay basis, plus 10 local stations which are members of the Disway network on a relay basis and only air 2 hours per day.
^The CTV/MOS network currently only covers Jakarta, Pati, Bandar Lampung, Semarang, Yogyakarta, Surakarta, Surabaya, Bandung, Medan, and Palembang. However, the former 15 CTV networks have ceased to air, 1 is now a BTV network, 3 are now Garuda TV networks, 3 are now Moji networks, 6 are now Sin Po TV networks, and 1 now airs locally independently under the name Mitra TV in Bandar Lampung.
^Digital broadcast of DAAI TV only covers Jakarta and Medan.
^The broadcast network of Indonesia Network only covers Bali (via Bali TV), Yogyakarta and Surakarta (via Jogja TV), Bandung (via Bandung TV), Semarang (via Semarang TV), Palembang (via Sriwijaya TV), Banda Aceh (via Aceh TV), Surabaya (via Surabaya TV), and Pematangsiantar (via Sumut TV).
^Digital broadcast of Inspira TV currently only covers Bandung and Jakarta. However, the former Inspira TV networks in Medan and Banjarmasin are now part of the BTV network; in Yogyakarta and Surakarta is now part of the Garuda TV network; in Makassar and Pekanbaru are now part of the Sin Po TV network; and in Banda Aceh is now part of the RTV network. It is not yet known whether these networks will be acquired or only temporarily borrowed until separate legal entities are established. In contrast to this, the former Inspira TV network in Bandar Lampung changed name and status to a local television under the name LDS TV (independently).
^The JPM network currently only covers their 38 member stations, including affiliates/transmitter stations of JTV in East Java. However, 1 former JPM network is now part of MahakaX like Jak TV di Jakarta, 1 now airs Polri TV di Jakarta, 7 are now Jawa Pos TV networks who are also part of Jawa Pos, 13 are now Disway networks who have left Jawa Pos, 4 are now included in the Makassar-based Fajar Group, 5 are now Garuda TV networks, 1 is now a Mentari TV network, 2 are now Sin Po TV networks, 1 is now a Kompas TV network, 2 are now BTV networks, and 2 have ceased to air.
^The broadcast network of STTV currently only covers Palembang (via Musi TV), Bandar Lampung (via Delta TV), Sukabumi (via Sembada TV), Cianjur (via Cianjur TV), Surabaya (via TV9 Nusantara), Malang (via Gajayana TV), Madura (via Madura Channel), Bojonegoro (via B-One TV), Situbondo (via Situbondo TV), Lombok (via Sasambo TV), and Manado (via Mimosa TV).
^Owned by Dahlan Iskan, after leaving Jawa Pos Group.
^Surya Citra Media's ownership through Indonesia Entertainment Group.
^Digital broadcast of Ajwa TV currently only covers Samarinda (via Kaltim TV), Bandung (via Rase TV), and Purwakarta (via Cipta TV).
^Digital broadcast of Smile TV currently only covers Jakarta, Yogyakarta, Surakarta, and Bandung.
^"Penggunaan dekoder tv (rcti) mulai 24 agustus 1990 hapus" (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 18 November 2022. Retrieved 18 November 2022 – via detikforum.
^"Gelombang nasional untuk televisi swasta" (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 29 January 2021. Retrieved 8 February 2021 – via detikforum.
^"DAFTAR IZIN PENYELENGGARAAN PENYIARAN LEMBAGA PENYIARAN TELEVISI YANG SUDAH DITERBITKAN OLEH MENTERI KOMINFO SAMPAI DENGAN NOVEMBER 2017" (PDF) (in Indonesian). KOMINFO. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 January 2021. Retrieved 19 January 2021.
^eks (3 December 2020). "Kominfo: Siaran TV Analog Wajib Berhenti 2 November 2022". CNN Indonesia (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 3 December 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
^"Produk Profil Jasa Penyiaran TVRI 2021" (PDF) (in Indonesian). 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 November 2021. Retrieved 22 November 2021.
^"Inspira TV - HAHO". Archived from the original on 4 August 2020. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
^"Pusat Info Elektronik" (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 29 December 2013. Retrieved 27 December 2013.
^"Free TV from Indonesia". Lyngsat. Retrieved 3 April 2023.
^Since around November 2022, digital broadcast of MYTV which only covers Jakarta and Medan is still inactive, after suddenly disappearing for no apparent reason, after the termination of analog broadcasts.