List of presidents of the Congress of Deputies of Spain
The president of the Congress of Deputies, also known as the president of the Cortes, is the highest authority of the Congress of Deputies of Spain, the lower house of the Cortes Generales. The President is elected by and among the incumbent members of congress (diputados).
The office was established in 1810 when the Supreme Central Junta convened the first Spain's general election to form the Cortes of Cádiz. In the first meeting of the Cortes, on 24 September 1810, the first president was elected, Ramón Lázaro de Dou y de Bassols, although Benito Ramón Hermida Maldonado held the office as acting president during the beginning of that meeting. During this time, the Cortes were a unicameral parliament and the tenure of the president of the house was one month. In 1814, King Ferdinand VII dissolved the parliament and abolished the 1812 Constitution, restoring absolutism. Briefly, from 1820 to 1823, the Constitution was restored against the will of the monarch and in 1823 the King abolished it again until his death in 1833, when Queen Regent Maria Christina, in order to gain the favour of the Liberals to support the reign of her daughter, Isabella II, approved the Royal Statue of 1834, creating a bicameral parliament and restoring the office. The parliament was inactive in three more times in Spanish history: from 1923 to 1927 due to the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera (although he created an advisory assembly from 1927 to 1929), from 1929 to 1931 after the dictatorship and from 1939 to 1943, after the Civil War.
After 1834, none of the constitutions or the different internal rules of the Congress established a time limited to held the office, so it is understood that he or she occupies it for the time of the legislature, an idea that continues today in force. Another peculiarity of Spanish parliamentarism is the existence of the position of acting president. After every general election and before the Congress is fully constituted, the Congress' internal rules from 1834 to 1982 established that an acting president had to be elected, and, once the Congress is fully constituted, the House must ratified the appointment or elect a new president. In 1982, this provision disappeared.
The current and 182nd President, Francina Armengol, was elected on August 17, 2023.[1] Armengol, former president of the Government of the Balearic Islands, currently represents the electoral district of the Balearic Islands.
List of presidents
Since its creation in 1810, 138 people have served as president in 182 presidencies.[2] The first president was Ramón Lázaro de Dou y de Bassols who served during the first month. The shortest presidency was that of the Francisco Salmerón y Alonso which was president briefly between March 19 and March 22, 1873, and the longest was that of Esteban de Bilbao Eguía serving 22 years, 6 months and 13 days. Many presidents have served in non-consecutive terms in office; The Marquess of Vega de Armijo served in five non-consecutive terms while Francisco Martínez de la Rosa and Francisco Javier Istúriz y Montero served in four. The first woman who have served as president was Luisa Fernanda Rudi Ubeda, between 2000 and 2004.
No. | Name | Party | Constituency | Term of service | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
- | ![]() | Benito Ramón Hermida Maldonado | Independent | Galicia | September 24, 1810 | |
1st | ![]() | Ramón Lázaro de Dou y de Bassols | Independent | Principality of Catalonia | September 24, 1810 – October 23, 1810 | |
2nd | ![]() | Luis Rodríguez del Monte y del Prado | Independent | Galicia (Betanzos) | October 24, 1810 – November 23, 1810 | |
3rd | ![]() | José Luis Morales Gallego | Independent | Seville (representing the Junta of Seville) | November 24, 1810 – December 23, 1810 | |
4th | ![]() | Alonso Cañedo y Vigil | Independent | Asturias (representing the Junta of Asturias) | December 24, 1810 – January 23, 1811 | |
5th | ![]() | Antonio Joaquín Pérez Martínez Robles | Independent | New Spain | January 24, 1811 – February 23, 1811 | |
6th | ![]() | Vicente Joaquín Noguera Climent | Independent | Valencia (representing the Junta of Valencia) | February 24, 1811 – March 23, 1811 | |
7th | ![]() | Diego Muñoz Torrero y Ramírez | Independent | Extremadura | March 24, 1811 – April 23, 1811 | |
8th | ![]() | Vicente Cano Manuel y Ramírez de Arellano | Independent | Murcia | April 24, 1811 – May 23, 1811 | |
9th | ![]() | José Pablo Valiente y Bravo | Independent | Seville | May 24, 1811 – June 23, 1811 | |
10th | Jaime Creus Martí | Independent | Principality of Catalonia | June 24, 1811 – July 23, 1811 | ||
11th | ![]() | Juan José Guereña y Garayo | Independent | New Spain (Durango) | July 24, 1811 – August 23, 1811 | |
12th | ![]() | Ramón Giraldo y Arquellada | Independent | La Mancha | August 24, 1811 – September 23, 1811 | |
13th | ![]() | Bernardo Nadal y Crespí | Independent | Majorca | September 24, 1811 – October 23, 1811 | |
14th | ![]() | Antonio Larrazábal y Arrivillaga | Independent | Guatemala | October 24, 1811 – November 23, 1811 | |
15th | ![]() | José Casquete de Prado Bootello | Independent | Extremadura | November 24, 1811 – December 23, 1811 | |
16th | ![]() | Manuel de Villafañe y Andreu | Independent | Valencia | December 24, 1811 – January 23, 1812 | |
17th | ![]() | Antonio Agustín Payán de Tejada y Figueroa | Independent | Galicia | January 24, 1812 – February 23, 1812 | |
18th | ![]() | Vicente Pascual y Esteban | Independent | Aragón (Teruel) | February 24, 1812 – March 23, 1812 | |
19th | ![]() | Vicente Morales Duárez | Independent | Viceroyalty of Peru | March 24, 1812 – April 2, 1812† | |
20th | ![]() | José María Gutiérrez de Terán | Independent | New Spain | April 2, 1812 – April 23, 1812 | |
April 24, 1812 – May 23, 1812 | ||||||
21st | ![]() | José Miguel Guridi y Alcocer | Independent | New Spain (Tlaxcala) | May 24, 1812 – June 23, 1812 | |
22nd | ![]() | Juan Polo y Catalina | Independent | Aragón | June 24, 1812 – July 23, 1812 | |
23rd | ![]() | Felipe Vázquez Canga | Independent | Asturias | July 24, 1812 – August 23, 1812 | |
24th | ![]() | Andrés Ángel de la Vega Infanzón | Independent | Asturias | August 24, 1812 – September 23, 1812 | |
25th | ![]() | Andrés de Jáuregui de Aróstegui | Independent | Cuba | September 24, 1812 – October 23, 1812 | |
26th | ![]() | Francisco Morros y Cibila | Independent | Principality of Catalonia | October 24, 1812 – November 23, 1812 | |
27th | ![]() | Juan del Valle y Milans del Bosch | Independent | Principality of Catalonia | November 24, 1812 – December 23, 1812 | |
28th | ![]() | Francisco Ciscar y Ciscar | Independent | Valencia | December 24, 1812 – January 23, 1813 | |
29th | ![]() | Miguel Antonio de Zumalacárregui e Imaz | Independent | Gipuzkoa (Santiago de Compostela) | January 24, 1813 – February 23, 1813 | |
30th | ![]() | Joaquín Maniau Torquemada | Independent | New Spain (Veracruz) | February 24, 1813 – March 23, 1813 | |
31st | ![]() | Francisco de Calello Miranda | Independent | Asturias | March 24, 1813 – April 23, 1813 | |
32nd | ![]() | Pedro José Gordillo y Ramos | Independent | Canary Islands | April 24, 1813 – May 23, 1813 | |
33rd | Florencio del Castillo Solano | Independent | Guatemala | May 24, 1813 – June 23, 1813 | ||
34th | ![]() | José Antonio Sombiela y Mestre | Independent | Valencia | June 24, 1813 – July 23, 1813 | |
35th | ![]() | Andrés Morales de los Ríos y Gil | Independent | Cádiz | July 24, 1813 – August 23, 1813 | |
36th | ![]() | José Miguel Gordoa y Barrios | Independent | New Spain | August 24, 1813 – September 25, 1813 | |
37th | ![]() | Francisco Rodríguez Ledesma | Independent | Extremadura | October 1, 1813 – October 31, 1813 | |
38th | ![]() | Francisco Tacón Rossique | Independent | Murcia | November 1, 1813 – January 15, 1814 | |
39th | ![]() | Jeronimo Antonio Díez Baras | Independent | Salamanca | January 16, 1814 – February 15, 1814 | |
40th | ![]() | Antonio Joaquín Pérez Martínez Robles | Independent | New Spain | February 16, 1814 – February 25, 1814 | |
41st | ![]() | Vicente Ruiz Albillos | Independent | Salamanca | February 25, 1814 – March 31, 1814 | |
42nd | ![]() | Francisco Antonio de la Dueña y Cisneros | Independent | Principality of Catalonia | April 1, 1814 – April 30, 1814 | |
43rd | ![]() | Antonio Joaquín Pérez Martínez Robles | Independent | New Spain | May 1, 1814 – May 10, 1814 | |
Parliament dissolved between 1814 and 1820 | ||||||
44th | ![]() | José de Espiga y Gadea | Independent | Principality of Catalonia | July 6, 1820 – August 9, 1820 | |
45th | ![]() | Ramón Giraldo y Arquellada | Independent | La Mancha | August 9, 1820 – September 8, 1820 | |
46th | ![]() | José María Queipo de Llano Ruiz de Saravia | Independent | Asturias | September 9, 1820 – October 8, 1820 | |
47th | ![]() | José María Calatrava y Peinado | Independent | Extremadura | October 9, 1820 – November 9, 1820 | |
48th | ![]() | Vicente Cano Manuel y Ramírez de Arellano | Independent | Murcia | February 25, 1821 – March 31, 1821 | |
49th | ![]() | José María Gutiérrez de Terán | Independent | New Spain | April 1, 1821 – April 30, 1821 | |
50th | ![]() | Antonio de la Cuesta y Torre | Independent | Ávila | May 1, 1821 – May 31, 1821 | |
51st | ![]() | Jose María Moscoso de Altamira Quiroga | Independent | Galicia | June 1, 1821 – June 30, 1821 | |
52nd | ![]() | Pedro González Vallejo | Independent | Soria | September 24, 1821 – October 27, 1821 | |
53rd | ![]() | Francisco Martínez de la Rosa | Independent | Granada | October 28, 1821 – November 27, 1821 | |
54th | ![]() | Diego Clemencín | Independent | Murcia | November 28, 1821 – December 27, 1821 | |
55th | ![]() | Joaquín Rey Esteve | Independent | Principality of Catalonia | December 28, 1821 – January 27, 1822 | |
56th | ![]() | Ramón Giraldo y Arquellada | Independent | La Mancha | January 28, 1822 – February 14, 1822 | |
57th | ![]() | Rafael del Riego y Florez Valdes | Independent | Asturias | February 15, 1822 – March 31, 1822 | |
58th | ![]() | Cayetano Valdés y Flores | Independent | Seville | April 1, 1822 – April 30, 1822 | |
59th | ![]() | Miguel Ricardo de Álava y Esquivel | Independent | Álava* | May 1, 1822 – May 31, 1822 | |
60th | ![]() | Álvaro Gómez Becerra | Independent | Cáceres | June 1, 1822 – June 30, 1822 | |
61st | ![]() | Ramón Salvato de Esteve | Independent | Principality of Catalonia | October 3, 1822 – November 6, 1822 | |
62nd | ![]() | Diego Vicente Cañas Portocarrero | Independent | Valladolid | November 7, 1822 – December 6, 1822 | |
63rd | ![]() | Juan Oliver y García | Independent | Málaga | December 7, 1822 – January 6, 1823 | |
64th | ![]() | Francisco Javier Istúriz y Montero | Independent | Cádiz | January 7, 1823 – February 6, 1823 | |
65th | ![]() | Domingo María Ruiz de la Vega Méndez | Independent | Granada | February 7, 1823 – February 19, 1823 | |
66th | ![]() | Manuel Flores Calderón | Independent | Burgos | February 25, 1823 – March 22, 1823 | |
March 23, 1823 – May 1, 1823 | ||||||
67th | ![]() | Joaquín María Ferrer y Cafranga | Independent | Gipuzkoa (Santiago de Compostela) | May 1, 1823 – June 1, 1823 | |
68th | ![]() | Tomás Gener y Buigas | Independent | Cuba | June 1, 1823 – July 6, 1823 | |
69th | ![]() | Juan Pedro Zulueta y Ceballos | Independent | Cádiz | July 7, 1823 – August 5, 1823 | |
70th | ![]() | Álvaro Gómez Becerra | Independent | Extremadura | September 7, 1823 – September 27, 1823 | |
Parliament dissolved between 1823 and 1834 | ||||||
- | ![]() | Antonio Posada Rubín de Celis | Independent-Isabellinos | Murcia | July 20, 1834 – July 28, 1834 | |
71st | ![]() | Ildefonso Díez de Rivera y Muro | Progressive | Valencia | July 29, 1834 – May 29, 1835 | |
72nd | ![]() | Francisco Javier Istúriz y Montero | Moderate | Cádiz | November 12, 1835 – November 20, 1835 | |
November 21, 1835 – January 27, 1836 | ||||||
March 17, 1836 – March 22, 1836 | ||||||
73rd | ![]() | Antonio González González | Progressive | Badajoz | March 23, 1836 – May 23, 1836 | |
74th | ![]() | Álvaro Gómez Becerra | Progressive | Cáceres | October 17, 1836 – October 20, 1836 | |
October 21, 1836 – November 30, 1836 | ||||||
75th | ![]() | Antonio González González | Progressive | Badajoz | December 1, 1836 – January 1, 1837 | |
76th | ![]() | Joaquín María Ferrer y Cafranga | Progressive | Gipuzkoa | January 2, 1837 – January 31, 1837 | |
77th | ![]() | Miguel Antonio de Zumalacárregui e Imaz | Progressive | Gipuzkoa | February 1, 1837 – February 28, 1837 | |
78th | ![]() | Ramón Salvato de Esteve | Moderate | Barcelona | March 1, 1837 – March 31, 1837 | |
79th | ![]() | Pedro Antonio Acuña y Cuadros | Progressive | Jaén | April 1, 1837 – April 30, 1837 | |
80th | ![]() | Martín de los Heros y de las Bárcenas | Progressive | Biscay | May 1, 1837 – May 31, 1837 | |
81st | ![]() | Agustín Argüelles Álvarez González | Progressive | Madrid | June 1, 1837 – June 30, 1837 | |
82nd | ![]() | Vicente Sancho y Cobertores | Progressive | Castellón | July 1, 1837 – July 31, 1837 | |
83rd | ![]() | Miguel Calderón de la Barca | Moderate | Madrid | August 1, 1837 – August 31, 1837 | |
84th | ![]() | Antonio Seoane Hoyos | Progressive | Seville | September 1, 1837 – September 30, 1837 | |
85th | ![]() | Juan Bautista Muguiro e Iribarren | Progressive | Navarra | October 1, 1837 – October 31, 1837 | |
86th | ![]() | Joaquín María López y López | Progressive | Madrid | November 1, 1837 – November 4, 1837 | |
87th | ![]() | Joaquín José de Muro y Bidaurreta | Moderate | Soria | November 13, 1837 – November 17, 1837 | |
November 18, 1837 – January 1, 1838 | ||||||
88th | ![]() | Manuel Barrio Ayuso | Moderate | Soria | January 2, 1838 – January 31, 1838 | |
89th | ![]() | Manuel de la Rivaherrera y Vivanco | Moderate | Burgos | February 1, 1838 – February 15, 1838 | |
90th | ![]() | Manuel Barrio Ayuso | Moderate | Soria | February 16, 1838 – July 17, 1838 | |
91st | ![]() | Francisco Javier Istúriz y Montero | Moderate | Cádiz | November 9, 1838 – June 1, 1839 | |
- | ![]() | Miguel Antonio de Zumalacárregui e Imaz | Progressive | Gipuzkoa | September 1, 1839 – September 9, 1839 | |
92nd | ![]() | José María Calatrava y Peinado | Progressive | Madrid | September 10, 1839 – November 18, 1839 | |
- | ![]() | Álvaro Flórez Estrada | Progressive | Oviedo | February 18, 1840 – March 17, 1840 | |
93rd | ![]() | Francisco Javier Istúriz y Montero | Moderate | Cádiz | March 18, 1840 – October 11, 1840 | |
- | ![]() | Román Martínez de Montaos | Progressive | Oviedo | March 19, 1841 – March 27, 1841 | |
94th | ![]() | Agustín Argüelles Álvarez González | Progressive | Madrid | March 28, 1841 – August 24, 1841 | |
95th | ![]() | Pedro Antonio Acuña y Cuadros | Progressive | Soria | December 27, 1841 – December 28, 1841 | |
December 29, 1841 – July 16, 1842 | ||||||
96th | ![]() | Salustiano de Olózaga y Almandoz | Progressive | Logroño | November 15, 1842 – January 3, 1843 | |
- | ![]() | Ramón Giraldo y Arquellada | Progressive | Albacete | April 3, 1843 – April 30, 1843 | |
97th | ![]() | Manuel Cortina y Arenzana | Progressive | Seville | April 30, 1843 – May 26, 1843 | |
98th | ![]() | Salustiano de Olózaga y Almandoz | Progressive | Logroño | November 4, 1843 – November 26, 1843 | |
99th | ![]() | Pedro José Pidal | Moderate | Oviedo | November 27, 1843 – July 4, 1844 | |
100th | ![]() | Francisco de Paula Castro y Orozco | Moderate | Jaén | October 17, 1844 – May 23, 1845 | |
December 16, 1845 – October 31, 1846 | ||||||
- | ![]() | Modesto Cortázar y Leal de Ibarra | Progressive | Zamora | January 1, 1847 – January 20, 1847 | |
101st | ![]() | Francisco de Paula Castro y Orozco | Moderate | Girona | January 21, 1847 – October 5, 1847 | |
102nd | ![]() | Alejandro Mon y Menéndez | Moderate | Oviedo | November 16, 1847 – March 26, 1848 | |
- | Manuel Seijas Lozano | Moderate | Ourense | December 16, 1848 – December 19, 1848 | ||
103rd | ![]() | Luis Mayans y Enríquez de Navarra | Moderate | Valencia | December 20, 1848 – July 14, 1849 | |
October 30, 1849 – November 1, 1849 | ||||||
November 2, 1849 – August 4, 1850 | ||||||
November 1, 1850 – November 7, 1850 | ||||||
November 8, 1850 – April 7, 1851 | ||||||
June 1, 1851 – June 11, 1851 | ||||||
June 12, 1851 – January 7, 1852 | ||||||
104th | ![]() | Francisco Martínez de la Rosa | Moderate | Granada | December 1, 1852 – December 2, 1852 | |
March 1, 1853 – March 16, 1853 | ||||||
March 17, 1853 – April 9, 1853 | ||||||
November 19, 1853 – December 10, 1853 | ||||||
- | ![]() | Evaristo Fernández San Miguel y Valledor | Progressive | Oviedo | November 10, 1854 – November 27, 1854 | |
105th | ![]() | Baldomero Espartero | Progressive | Logroño | November 28, 1854 – December 4, 1854 | |
106th | ![]() | Pascual Madoz | Progressive | Lleida | December 5, 1854 – January 24, 1855 | |
107th | ![]() | Facundo Infante Chacón | Progressive | Badajoz | January 25, 1855 – September 15, 1856 | |
108th | ![]() | Francisco Martínez de la Rosa | Moderate | Granada | May 1, 1857 – May 8, 1857 | |
May 9, 1857 – July 16, 1857 | ||||||
109th | ![]() | Juan Bravo Murillo | Moderate | Badajoz | January 11, 1858 – May 13, 1858 | |
110th | ![]() | Francisco Martínez de la Rosa | Moderate | Granada | December 2, 1858 – December 12, 1858 | |
December 13, 1858 – January 27, 1860 | ||||||
May 26, 1860 – September 28, 1861 | ||||||
November 9, 1861 – February 7, 1862† | ||||||
- | ![]() | Modesto Lafuente y Zamalloa (Vice President of the Congress of Deputies) | Liberal Union | León | February 7, 1862 – February 18, 1862 | |
111th | ![]() | Alejandro Mon y Menéndez | Moderate | Oviedo | February 19, 1862 – October 31, 1862 | |
112th | ![]() | Diego López Ballesteros Pérez Santamaría | Moderate | Oviedo | December 2, 1862 – August 12, 1863 | |
113th | ![]() | Antonio de los Ríos Rosas | Liberal Union | Málaga/Cádiz | November 5, 1863 – November 24, 1863 | |
November 25, 1863 – June 23, 1864 | ||||||
114th | ![]() | Alejandro de Castro y Casal | Moderate | Pontevedra | December 23, 1864 – January 4, 1865 | |
January 5, 1865 – February 20, 1865 | ||||||
- | ![]() | Martín Belda y Mencia del Barrio | Liberal Union | Córdoba | February 21, 1865 – March 7, 1865 | |
115th | ![]() | Fernando Álvarez Martínez | Moderate | Burgos | March 8, 1865 – July 12, 1865 | |
116th | ![]() | Antonio de los Ríos Rosas | Liberal Union | Málaga | December 28, 1865 – January 3, 1866 | |
January 4, 1866 – October 2, 1866 | ||||||
117th | ![]() | Martín Belda y Mencia del Barrio | Liberal Union | Córdoba | March 30, 1867 – April 3, 1867 | |
April 4, 1867 – December 3, 1867 | ||||||
118th | ![]() | Luis José Sartorius y Tapia | Moderate | Cuenca | December 28, 1867 – December 3, 1868 | |
119th | ![]() | Nicolás María Rivero | Progressive | Madrid | February 12, 1869 – February 19, 1869 | |
February 20, 1869 – January 17, 1870 | ||||||
120th | ![]() | Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla | Radical-Democratic | Madrid | January 17, 1870 – January 2, 1871 | |
121st | ![]() | Salustiano de Olózaga y Almandoz | Constitutionalist | Logroño | April 4, 1871 – May 12, 1871 | |
May 13, 1871 – October 2, 1871 | ||||||
122nd | ![]() | Práxedes Mateo Sagasta | Constitutionalist | Madrid | October 3, 1871 – January 6, 1872 | |
123rd | ![]() | Antonio de los Ríos Rosas | Liberal Union | Málaga | April 25, 1872 – May 9, 1872 | |
May 10, 1872 – June 28, 1872 | ||||||
124th | ![]() | Nicolás María Rivero | Constitutionalist | Madrid/Seville | September 16, 1872 – September 25, 1872 | |
September 26, 1872 – February 11, 1873 | ||||||
125th | ![]() | Cristino Martos y Balbí | Radical-Democratic | Madrid | February 12, 1873 – March 18, 1873 | |
126th | ![]() | Francisco Salmerón y Alonso | Federal Democratic Republican | Almería | March 19, 1873 – March 22, 1873 | |
127th | ![]() | José María Orense Milá de Aragón Herrero | Federal Democratic Republican | Palencia | June 1, 1873 – June 6, 1873 | |
June 7, 1873 – June 12, 1873 | ||||||
128th | ![]() | Nicolás Salmerón y Alonso | Federal Democratic Republican | Almería | June 13, 1873 – August 24, 1873 | |
129th | ![]() | Emilio Castelar | Federal Democratic Republican | Huelva | August 25, 1873 – September 8, 1873 | |
130th | ![]() | Nicolás Salmerón y Alonso | Federal Democratic Republican | Almería | September 9, 1873 – January 8, 1874 | |
131st | ![]() | José Posada Herrera | Liberal | Oviedo | February 16, 1876 – February 25, 1876 | |
February 26, 1876 – January 5, 1877 | ||||||
April 26, 1877 – July 11, 1877 | ||||||
January 10, 1878 – January 28, 1878 | ||||||
132nd | ![]() | Adelardo López de Ayala y Herrera | Conservative | Badajoz/Madrid | February 16, 1878 – December 30, 1878 | |
June 2, 1879 – June 23, 1879 | ||||||
June 24, 1879 – December 30, 1879† | ||||||
- | ![]() | José Moreno Nieto (Vice President of the Congress of Deputies) | Liberal | Badajoz | December 30, 1879 – January 21, 1880 | |
133rd | Francisco de Borja Queipo de Llano | Conservative | Oviedo | January 21, 1880 – September 16, 1880 | ||
December 31, 1880 – June 25, 1881 | ||||||
134th | ![]() | José Posada Herrera | Liberal | Madrid/Oviedo | September 21, 1881 – October 19, 1881 | |
October 20, 1881 – November 16, 1882 | ||||||
December 4, 1882 – July 26, 1883 | ||||||
135th | ![]() | Práxedes Mateo Sagasta | Liberal | Zamora | December 17, 1883 – March 31, 1884 | |
136th | Francisco de Borja Queipo de Llano | Conservative | Oviedo | May 21, 1884 – June 8, 1884 | ||
June 9, 1884 – July 11, 1885 | ||||||
137th | ![]() | Antonio Cánovas del Castillo | Conservative | Madrid | December 26, 1885 – March 8, 1886 | |
138th | ![]() | Cristino Martos y Balbí | Liberal | Valencia | May 10, 1886 – June 10, 1886 | |
June 11, 1886 – December 24, 1886 | ||||||
January 17, 1887 – November 3, 1887 | ||||||
December 2, 1887 – November 6, 1888 | ||||||
November 30, 1888 – June 3, 1889 | ||||||
139th | ![]() | Manuel Alonso Martínez | Liberal | Burgos | June 14, 1889 – December 29, 1890 | |
140th | ![]() | Alejandro Pidal y Mon | Conservative | Oviedo | March 3, 1891 – April 19, 1891 | |
April 20, 1891 – January 5, 1893 | ||||||
141st | ![]() | Antonio Aguilar y Correa | Liberal | Córdoba | April 6, 1893 – May 7, 1893 | |
May 8, 1893 – October 16, 1894 | ||||||
November 12, 1894 – July 1, 1895 | ||||||
142nd | ![]() | Alejandro Pidal y Mon | Conservative | Oviedo | May 12, 1896 – June 15, 1896 | |
June 16, 1896 – February 26, 1898 | ||||||
143rd | ![]() | Antonio Aguilar y Correa | Liberal | Córdoba | April 21, 1898 – April 24, 1898 | |
April 25, 1898 – March 16, 1899 | ||||||
144th | ![]() | Alejandro Pidal y Mon | Conservative | Oviedo | June 3, 1899 – June 15, 1899 | |
June 16, 1899 – October 18, 1900 | ||||||
145th | ![]() | Raimundo Fernández Villaverde y García Rivero | Conservative | Pontevedra | November 20, 1900 – April 25, 1901 | |
146th | ![]() | Antonio Aguilar y Correa | Liberal | Córdoba | June 12, 1901 – July 1, 1901 | |
July 2, 1901 – July 14, 1901 | ||||||
147th | ![]() | Segismundo Moret | Liberal | Zaragoza | July 15, 1901 – April 3, 1902 | |
148th | ![]() | Antonio Aguilar y Correa | Liberal | Córdoba | April 3, 1902 – March 26, 1903 | |
149th | ![]() | Raimundo Fernández Villaverde y García Rivero | Conservative | Pontevedra | May 19, 1903 – June 17, 1903 | |
June 18, 1903 – July 18, 1903 | ||||||
150th | ![]() | Francisco Romero Robledo | Conservative | Málaga | October 20, 1903 – September 12, 1904 | |
October 3, 1904 – August 17, 1905 | ||||||
151st | ![]() | Antonio Aguilar y Correa | Liberal | Córdoba | October 12, 1905 – November 17, 1905 | |
November 18, 1905 – January 18, 1906 | ||||||
152nd | José Canalejas y Méndez | Liberal | Alicante/Ciudad Real | January 19, 1906 – March 3, 1907 | ||
153rd | ![]() | Eduardo Dato Iradier | Conservative | León | May 14, 1907 – June 5, 1907 | |
June 6, 1907 – September 13, 1908 | ||||||
October 12, 1908 – September 27, 1909 | ||||||
October 15, 1909 – April 14, 1910 | ||||||
154th | ![]() | Álvaro de Figueroa y Torres | Liberal | Guadalajara | June 16, 1910 – June 29, 1910 | |
June 30, 1910 – February 17, 1911 | ||||||
March 6, 1911 – November 18, 1912 | ||||||
155th | ![]() | Segismundo Moret | Liberal | Granada | November 19, 1912 – January 28, 1913† | |
- | ![]() | Antonio Aura Boronat (Vice President of the Congress of Deputies) | Liberal | Huesca | January 28, 1913 – May 27, 1913 | |
156th | ![]() | Miguel Villanueva y Gómez | Liberal | Logroño | May 27, 1913 – January 2, 1914 | |
157th | ![]() | Augusto González Besada | Conservative | Alicante | April 3, 1914 – April 27, 1914 | |
April 28, 1914 – October 28, 1915 | ||||||
November 5, 1915 – March 16, 1916 | ||||||
158th | ![]() | Miguel Villanueva y Gómez | Liberal | Logroño | May 11, 1916 – May 28, 1916 | |
May 29, 1916 – January 23, 1917 | ||||||
January 29, 1917 – January 10, 1918 | ||||||
March 19, 1918 – April 7, 1918 | ||||||
April 8, 1918 – May 2, 1919 | ||||||
- | ![]() | Juan Armada y Losada | Conservative | A Coruña | June 25, 1919 – July 27, 1919 | |
159th | ![]() | José Sánchez-Guerra y Martínez | Conservative | Córdoba | July 28, 1919 – October 2, 1920 | |
January 5, 1921 – February 21, 1921 | ||||||
February 22, 1921 – February 21, 1922 | ||||||
March 1, 1922 – March 14, 1922 | ||||||
160th | Gabino Bugallal Araújo | Conservative | Ourense | March 15, 1922 – April 5, 1923 | ||
161st | ![]() | Melquíades Álvarez y González Posada | Liberal | Oviedo | May 25, 1923 – June 11, 1923 | |
June 12, 1923 – September 15, 1923 | ||||||
Parliament dissolved between 1923 and 1927 | ||||||
162nd | ![]() | José María Yanguas y Messía | Patriotic Union | - | October 10, 1927 – July 6, 1929 | |
Parliament dissolved between 1929 and 1931 | ||||||
163rd | ![]() | Julián Besteiro | Socialist | Madrid | July 14, 1931 – July 26, 1931 | |
July 27, 1931 – October 9, 1933 | ||||||
164th | ![]() | Santiago Alba y Bonifaz | Radical Republican | Zamora | December 8, 1933 – December 27, 1933 | |
December 28, 1933 – January 7, 1936 | ||||||
165th | ![]() | Diego Martínez Barrio | Republican Union | Madrid | March 16, 1936 – April 2, 1936 | |
April 3, 1936 – March 31, 1939 | ||||||
Parliament dissolved between 1939 and 1943 | ||||||
166th | Esteban de Bilbao Eguía | Falangist | - | March 16, 1943 – September 29, 1965 | ||
167th | ![]() | Antonio Iturmendi Bañales | Falangist | - | September 30, 1965 – November 26, 1969 | |
168th | ![]() | Alejandro Rodríguez de Valcárcel | Falangist | - | November 27, 1969 – December 5, 1975 | |
169th | ![]() | Torcuato Fernández-Miranda | Falangist | - | December 6, 1975 – June 30, 1977 | |
- | ![]() | Antonio Hernández Gil President of the Realm's Council and Parliament | Independent | - | June 15, 1977 – December 29, 1978 | |
170th | ![]() | Fernando Álvarez de Miranda | Democratic Centre Union | Palencia | July 13, 1977 – October 17, 1977 | |
October 18, 1977 – March 22, 1979 | ||||||
171st | ![]() | Landelino Lavilla | Democratic Centre Union | Madrid | March 23, 1979 – May 2, 1979 | |
May 3, 1979 – November 17, 1982 | ||||||
172nd | ![]() | Gregorio Peces-Barba | Socialist | Valladolid | November 18, 1982 – July 14, 1986 | |
173rd | ![]() | Félix Pons | Socialist | Balearic Islands | July 15, 1986 – November 20, 1989 | |
November 21, 1989 – June 28, 1993 | ||||||
June 29, 1993 – March 26, 1996 | ||||||
174th | ![]() | Federico Trillo | Popular | Alicante | March 27, 1996 – April 4, 2000 | |
175th | ![]() | Luisa Fernanda Rudi Ubeda | Popular | Zaragoza | April 5, 2000 – April 1, 2004 | |
176th | ![]() | Manuel Marín | Socialist | Ciudad Real | April 2, 2004 – March 31, 2008 | |
177th | ![]() | José Bono | Socialist | Toledo | April 1, 2008 – December 12, 2011 | |
178th | ![]() | Jesús Posada | Popular | Soria | December 13, 2011 – January 12, 2016 | |
179th | ![]() | Patxi López | Socialist | Biscay | January 13, 2016 – July 18, 2016 | |
180th | ![]() | Ana Pastor Julián | Popular | Madrid | July 19, 2016 – May 20, 2019 | |
181st | ![]() | Meritxell Batet | Socialist | Barcelona | May 21, 2019 – December 2, 2019 | |
December 3, 2019 – August 16, 2023 | ||||||
182nd | ![]() | Francina Armengol | Socialist | Balearic Islands | August 17, 2023 – present | |
Acting • † Death in office • Independent (73) • Progressive (29) • Moderate (24) • Liberal Union (6) • Radical-Democratic (2) • Constitutionalist (3) • Federal Democratic Republican (5) • Liberal (19) • Conservative (15) • Patriotic Union (1) • Socialist (8) • Radical Republican (1) • Republican Union (1) • Falangist (4) • Democratic Centre Union (2) • Popular (4) |
Presidents by time in office
The length of time given below is based on the difference between dates. Many presidents were elected multiple times, and to terms that were, in several instances, not consecutive; the length of time given for each president measures their cumulative length of incumbency as president (even if they were elected as acting president). The time after adjournment of one Congress but before the convening of the next Congress is also counted.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Escudo_del_Congreso_de_Espa%C3%B1a.svg/199px-Escudo_del_Congreso_de_Espa%C3%B1a.svg.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/F%C3%A9lix_Pons_1988_%28cropped%29.jpg/199px-F%C3%A9lix_Pons_1988_%28cropped%29.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Alejandro_Pidal_y_Mon._%28Congreso_de_los_Diputados_de_Espa%C3%B1a%29.jpg/200px-Alejandro_Pidal_y_Mon._%28Congreso_de_los_Diputados_de_Espa%C3%B1a%29.jpg)
Rank | Name | Time in office | Year(s) in which elected |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Esteban de Bilbao Eguía | 22 years, 197 days | 1943 |
2 | Félix Pons | 9 years, 255 days | 1986; 1989; 1993 |
3 | Alejandro Rodríguez de Valcárcel | 6 years, 8 days | 1969 |
4 | Alejandro Pidal y Mon | 5 years, 5 days | 1891; 1896; 1899 |
5 | Francisco Martínez de la Rosa | 4 years, 182 days | 1821; 1852; 1853; 1857; 1858 |
6 | Meritxell Batet | 4 years, 87 days | 2019 |
7 | Antonio Aguilar y Correa | 4 years, 74 days | 1893; 1894; 1898; 1901; 1902; 1905 |
8 | Antonio Iturmendi Bañales | 4 years, 57 days | 1965 |
9 | Jesús Posada | 4 years, 30 days | 2011 |
10 | Federico Trillo | 4 years, 8 days | 1996 |
11 | Manuel Marín | 3 years, 364 days | 2004 |
12 | Luisa Fernanda Rudi Ubeda | 3 years, 362 days | 2000 |
13 | José Posada Herrera | 3 years, 320 days | 1876; 1877; 1878; 1881; 1882 |
14 | José Bono | 3 years, 255 days | 2008 |
15 | Landelino Lavilla | 3 years, 239 days | 1979 |
16 | Gregorio Peces-Barba | 3 years, 238 days | 1982 |
17 | Miguel Villanueva y Gómez | 3 years, 211 days | 1913; 1916; 1917; 1918 |
18 | Cristino Martos y Balbí | 3 years, 58 days | 1873; 1886; 1887; 1888 |
19 | Luis Mayans y Enríquez de Navarra | 3 years, 18 days | 1848; 1848; 1850; 1851 |
20 | Diego Martínez Barrio | 3 years, 15 days | 1936 |
21 | Eduardo Dato Iradier | 2 years, 335 days | 1907; 1908; 1909 |
22 | Ana Pastor Julián | 2 years, 305 days | 2016 |
23 | Francisco de Paula Castro y Orozco | 2 years, 271 days | 1844; 1845; 1847 |
24 | José Sánchez-Guerra y Martínez | 2 years, 229 days | 1919; 1921; 1922 |
25 | Francisco de Borja Queipo de Llano | 2 years, 201 days | 1880; 1884 |
26 | Álvaro de Figueroa y Torres | 2 years, 155 days | 1910; 1911 |
27 | Julián Besteiro | 2 years, 87 days | 1931 |
28 | Santiago Alba y Bonifaz | 2 years, 30 days | 1933 |
29 | Antonio de los Ríos Rosas | 2 years, 17 days | 1863; 1865; 1866; 1872 |
30 | Augusto González Besada | 1 year, 348 days | 1914; 1915 |
31 | Adelardo López de Ayala y Herrera | 1 year, 317 days | 1878; 1879 |
32 | Francisco Romero Robledo | 1 year, 301 days | 1903; 1904 |
33 | José María Yanguas y Messía | 1 year, 269 days | 1927 |
34 | Fernando Álvarez de Miranda | 1 year, 252 days | 1977 |
35 | Facundo Infante Chacón | 1 year, 234 days | 1855 |
36 | Francisco Javier Istúriz y Montero | 1 year, 207 days | 1823; 1835; 1836; 1838; 1840 |
37 | Torcuato Fernández-Miranda | 1 year, 206 days | 1975 |
38 | Manuel Alonso Martínez | 1 year, 198 days | 1889 |
39 | Nicolás María Rivero | 1 year, 122 days | 1869; 1872 |
40 | Gabino Bugallal Araújo | 1 year, 21 days | 1922 |
41 | Alejandro Mon y Menéndez | 1 year, 20 days | 1847; 1862 |
42 | José Canalejas y Méndez | 1 year, 43 days | 1906 |
43 | Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla | 349 days | 1870 |
44 | Luis José Sartorius y Tapia | 341 days | 1867 |
45 | Segismundo Moret | 332 days | 1901; 1912 |
46 | Ildefonso Díez de Rivera y Muro | 304 days | 1834 |
47 | Francina Armengol | 360 days | 2023 |
48 | Martín Belda y Mencia del Barrio | 262 days | 1865; 1867 |
49 | Diego López Ballesteros Pérez Santamaría | 253 days | 1862 |
50 | Salustiano de Olózaga y Almandoz | 252 days | 1842; 1843; 1871 |
51 | Pedro Antonio Acuña y Cuadros | 230 days | 1837; 1841 |
52 | Pedro José Pidal | 220 days | 1843 |
53 | Raimundo Fernández Villaverde y García Rivero | 216 days | 1900; 1903 |
54 | Práxedes Mateo Sagasta | 200 days | 1871; 1883 |
55 | Nicolás Salmerón y Alonso | 193 days | 1873 (twice) |
56 | Patxi López | 187 days | 2016 |
57 | Manuel Barrio Ayuso | 180 days | 1838 (twice) |
58 | Agustín Argüelles Álvarez González | 178 days | 1837; 1841 |
59 | Fernando Álvarez Martínez | 126 days | 1865 |
60 | Juan Bravo Murillo | 122 days | 1858 |
61 | Antonio Aura Boronat | 119 days | - |
62 | Melquíades Álvarez y González Posada | 113 days | 1923 |
63 | José María Calatrava y Peinado | 100 days | 1820; 1839 |
64 | Ramón Giraldo y Arquellada | 104 days | 1811; 1820; 1822; 1843 |
65 | Álvaro Gómez Becerra | 93 days | 1822; 1823; 1836 |
66 | Antonio González González | 92 days | 1836 (twice) |
67 | José María Gutiérrez de Terán | 80 days | 1812; 1821 |
68 | Francisco Tacón Rossique | 75 days | 1813 |
69 | Antonio Cánovas del Castillo | 72 days | 1885 |
70 (tie) | Manuel Flores Calderón | 65 days | 1823 |
Miguel Antonio de Zumalacárregui e Imaz | 65 days | 1813; 1837; 1839 | |
71 | Ramón Salvato de Esteve | 64 days | 1822; 1837 |
72 | Vicente Cano Manuel y Ramírez de Arellano | 63 days | 1811; 1821 |
73 | Joaquín María Ferrer y Cafranga | 60 days | 1823; 1837 |
74 | Alejandro de Castro y Casal | 59 days | 1864; 1865 |
75 | Pascual Madoz | 50 days | 1854 |
76 | Joaquín José de Muro y Bidaurreta | 49 days | 1837 |
77 | Antonio Joaquín Pérez Martínez Robles | 48 days | 1811; 1814 |
78 | Rafael del Riego y Florez Valdes | 44 days | 1822 |
79 | Tomás Gener y Buigas | 35 days | 1823 |
80 (tie) | Vicente Ruiz Albillos | 34 days | 1814 |
José de Espiga y Gadea | 34 days | 1820 | |
81 | Pedro González Vallejo | 33 days | 1821 |
82 (tie) | José Miguel Gordoa y Barrios | 32 days | 1813 |
Juan Armada y Losada | 32 days | 1919 | |
83 (tie) | Luis Rodríguez del Monte y del Prado | 30 days | 1810 |
Alonso Cañedo y Vigil | 30 days | 1810 | |
Diego Muñoz Torrero y Ramírez | 30 days | 1811 | |
José Pablo Valiente y Bravo | 30 days | 1811 | |
Juan José Guereña y Garayo | 30 days | 1811 | |
Antonio Larrazábal y Arrivillaga | 30 days | 1811 | |
Manuel de Villafañe y Andreu | 30 days | 1811 | |
Antonio Agustí Payán de Tejada y Figueroa | 30 days | 1812 | |
José Miguel Guridi y Alcocer | 30 days | 1812 | |
Felipe Vázquez Canga | 30 days | 1812 | |
Andrés Ángel de la Vega Infanzón | 30 days | 1812 | |
Francisco Morros y Cibila | 30 days | 1812 | |
Francisco Ciscar y Ciscar | 30 days | 1812 | |
Francisco de Calello Miranda | 30 days | 1813 | |
Florencio del Castillo Solano | 30 days | 1813 | |
Andrés Morales de los Ríos y Gil | 30 days | 1813 | |
Francisco Rodríguez Ledesma | 30 days | 1813 | |
Jeronimo Antonio Díez Baras | 30 days | 1814 | |
Antonio de la Cuesta y Torre | 30 days | 1821 | |
Joaquín Rey Esteve | 30 days | 1821 | |
Miguel Ricardo de Álava y Esquivel | 30 days | 1822 | |
Juan Oliver y García | 30 days | 1822 | |
Martín de los Heros y de las Bárcenas | 30 days | 1837 | |
Vicente Sancho y Cobertores | 30 days | 1837 | |
Miguel Calderón de la Barca | 30 days | 1837 | |
Juan Bautista Muguiro e Iribarren | 30 days | 1837 | |
84 (tie) | Ramón Lázaro de Dou y de Bassols | 29 days | 1810 |
José Luis Morales Gallego | 29 days | 1810 | |
Jaime Creus Martí | 29 days | 1811 | |
Bernardo Nadal y Crespí | 29 days | 1811 | |
José Casquete de Prado Bootello | 29 days | 1811 | |
Juan Polo y Catalina | 29 days | 1812 | |
Andrés de Jáuregui de Aróstegui | 29 days | 1812 | |
Juan del Valle y Milans del Bosch | 29 days | 1812 | |
Pedro José Gordillo y Ramos | 29 days | 1813 | |
José Antonio Sombiela y Mestre | 29 days | 1813 | |
Francisco Antonio de la Dueña y Cisneros | 29 days | 1814 | |
José María Queipo de Llano Ruiz de Saravia | 29 days | 1820 | |
Jose María Moscoso de Altamira Quiroga | 29 days | 1821 | |
Diego Clemencín | 29 days | 1821 | |
Cayetano Valdés y Flores | 29 days | 1822 | |
Diego Vicente Cañas Portocarrero | 29 days | 1822 | |
Juan Pedro Zulueta y Ceballos | 29 days | 1823 | |
Antonio Seoane Hoyos | 29 days | 1837 | |
85 (tie) | Vicente Pascual y Esteban | 28 days | 1812 |
Álvaro Flórez Estrada | 28 days | 1840 | |
86 (tie) | Vicente Joaquín Noguera Climent | 27 days | 1811 |
Joaquín Maniau Torquemada | 27 days | 1813 | |
87 | Manuel Cortina y Arenzana | 26 days | 1843 |
88 | José Moreno Nieto | 22 days | - |
89 | Modesto Cortázar y Leal de Ibarra | 19 days | 1847 |
90 | Evaristo Fernández San Miguel y Valledor | 17 days | 1854 |
91 (tie) | Manuel de la Rivaherrera y Vivanco | 14 days | 1838 |
Emilio Castelar | 14 days | 1873 | |
92 | Domingo María Ruiz de la Vega Méndez | 12 days | 1823 |
93 (tie) | Modesto Lafuente y Zamalloa | 11 days | - |
José María Orense Milá de Aragón Herrero | 11 days | 1873 | |
94 (tie) | Antonio Posada Rubín de Celis | 8 days | 1834 |
Román Martínez de Montaos | 8 days | 1841 | |
95 | Baldomero Espartero | 6 days | 1854 |
96 (tie) | Joaquín María López y López | 3 days | 1837 |
Manuel Seijas Lozano | 3 days | 1848 | |
Francisco Salmerón y Alonso | 3 days | 1873 | |
97 | Benito Ramón Hermida Maldonado | 1 day | 1810 |
References
- ^ Rodríguez, Miguel Ángel (2023-08-17). "Francina Armengol, elegida nueva presidenta del Congreso con los votos de ERC y Junts". elperiodico (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-08-17.
- ^ Congress of Deputies. "List of presidents listed in a chronological and alphabetical order". www.congreso.es. Retrieved 11 September 2020.