List of boiler explosions
This is a list of steam boiler explosions such as railway locomotive, marine transport (military and civilian), and stationary power:
Events
Event | Date | Type | Nation | City/Locale | Killed | Injured | Missing | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Savery explosion | 1716 | Industrial | United Kingdom | 1 | [1] | |||
Brunton's Mechanical Traveller | 31 July 1815 | Locomotive | United Kingdom | Philadelphia, England | 16 | [2] | ||
SS Washington | 1816 | Marine (civilian) | United States | Marietta, Ohio | 12 | 5 | [3] | |
SS Constitution | 1817 | Marine (civilian) | United States | Mississippi River | 30 | [4] | ||
The Aetna | 15 May 1824 | Marine (civilian) | United States | New York City, New York | 10 | 40 | [3] | |
SS Teche | 1825 | Marine (civilian) | United States | Mississippi River | 20 | [4] | ||
Stockton and Darlington Railway locomotive no. 2[5] or no. 5[2] | 19 March 1828 | Locomotive | United Kingdom | Simpasture, near Shildon, England | 1 | 1 | [2][5] | |
Stockton and Darlington Railway Locomotion No. 1 | 1 July 1828 | Locomotive | United Kingdom | Aycliffe Lane, Heighington, England | 1 | [2] | ||
SS Helen McGregor | 24 February 1830 | Marine (civilian) | United States | Memphis, Tennessee | [4] | |||
Best Friend of Charleston | 17 June 1831 | Locomotive | United States | Charleston, South Carolina | 1 | 3 | [6] | |
Locomotive under test | November 1834 | Locomotive | United States | Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Baltimore, Maryland | 1 | [7] | ||
Liverpool and Manchester Railway No. 33 Patentee | 12 November 1834 | Locomotive | United Kingdom | Whiston Bank, Whiston, England | [8] | |||
PS Union | 1837 | Marine (civilian) | United Kingdom | Hull, England | 23 | 20 | [9][10][11][12] | |
SS Moselle | 28 April 1838 | Marine (civilian) | United States | Cincinnati, Ohio | 81 | 13 | 55 | [13] |
SS Pulaski | 14 June 1838 | Marine (civilian) | United States | Cape Hatteras, North Carolina | 128 | |||
New York and Harlem Railroad | 4 July 1839 | Locomotive | United States | 14th Street, New York City, New York | 2 | 5 | [14] | |
Surprise | 10 November 1840 | Locomotive | United Kingdom | Bromsgrove railway station, Bromsgrove, England | 2 | [15][2] | ||
SS Henry Eckford | 27 April 1841 | Marine (civilian) | United States | New York City, New York | 1 | 2 | ||
Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Richmond | 2 September 1844 | Locomotive | United States | Reading, Pennsylvania | 4 | [16] | ||
London and North Western Railway 122 Goliah | 1847 | Locomotive | United Kingdom | [17] | ||||
Great Western Railway Goliah | 29 June 1849 | Locomotive | United Kingdom | Foot of Hemerdon Bank, Plympton, England | 1 | [18] | ||
London and North Western Railway 401 | 1850 | Locomotive | United Kingdom | Longsight, Manchester, England | [19] | |||
Firth Woollen Mill | 1850 | Industrial | United Kingdom | Halifax, England | 12 | 17 | [20][21] | |
Hague Street explosion | 4 February 1850 | Industrial | United States | New York City, New York | 67 | 50 | [22][23][24] | |
Midland Railway 363 (ex Bristol and Gloucester Railway 7 Wickwar) | 8 January 1853 | Locomotive | United Kingdom | Clay Hill, Bristol, England | [25] | |||
Erie Railroad | 16 June 1853 | Locomotive | United States | Susquehanna, Pennsylvania | 5 | [26] | ||
SS Canemah | 8 August 1853 | Marine (civilian) | United States | Champoeg, Oregon | 1 | |||
SS Shoalwater | May 1853 | Marine (civilian) | United States | Rock Island, Oregon | ||||
SS Gazelle | 8 April 1854 | Marine (civilian) | United States | Oregon City, Oregon | 24 | many | ||
Fieldhouse Mills | 15 July 1855 | Industrial | United Kingdom | Rochdale, England | 10 | 13 | [27] | |
Georgiana | 23 November 1855 | Marine (civilian) | United States | Petaluma, California | 1 | 2 | 0 | [28] |
SS Pennsylvania | 13 June 1858 | Marine (civilian) | United States | Memphis, Tennessee | 250 | |||
London and North Western Railway 249 | 4 July 1861 | Locomotive | United Kingdom | Rugby, Warwickshire | 1 | [29] | ||
Erie Railroad | 25 October 1862 | Locomotive | United States | Docks, Jersey City, New Jersey | 5 | [26] | ||
Great Western Railway Perseus | November 1862 | Locomotive | United Kingdom | Westbourne Park shed, London, England | [30] | |||
Hembrigg Mills | 27 June 1863 | Industrial | United Kingdom | Morley, England | 9 | [31] | ||
SS Ada Hancock | 23 April 1863 | Marine (civilian) | United States | San Pedro Bay, California | 26 | 23 | ||
Tugboat Greenwood | 15 June 1863 | Marine (civilian) | United States | Barrytown, New York | 7 | 3 | 3 | |
Calcutta explosion | 1863 | India | Kolkata | |||||
Merrick Sons, Southwark Foundry | 6 April 1864 | Industrial | United States | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania | 7 | 13 | ||
USS Chenango | 15 April 1864 | Marine (military) | United States | New York City, New York | 28 | 6 | ||
Midland Railway 356 | 5 May 1864 | Locomotive | United Kingdom | Colne, England | 1 | 2 | [30] | |
Great Northern 138 | 5 May 1864 | Locomotive | United Kingdom | Metropolitan Railway's Bishop's Road station (now Paddington), London, England | [32] | |||
? 108 | 1864 | Locomotive | United Kingdom | Shrewsbury and Hereford Joint Railway, Leominster, England | [33] | |||
New York Central Railroad | 18 June 1864 | Locomotive | United States | Syracuse, New York | 3 | [26] | ||
USS Tulip | 11 November 1864 | Marine (military) | United States | Potomac River, Maryland | 49 | |||
Eclipse (steamboat)[34] | 27 January 1865 | Marine (military) | United States | Tennessee River | 38 | |||
Sultana | 27 April 1865 | Marine (civilian) | United States | Memphis, Tennessee | 1169 | |||
Staten Island Ferry Westfield II | 30 July 1871 | Marine (civilian) | United States | New York City, New York | 45–91 | 78–208 | [35][36][37][38] | |
Spa Well Mill | 15 December 1873 | Industrial | United Kingdom | Elland, England | 3 | 4 | [39] | |
Town & Son Factory | 9 June 1869 | Industrial | United Kingdom | Bingley, England | 15 | [40] | ||
SS Senator | 6 May 1875 | Marine (civilian) | United States | Portland, Oregon | ||||
HMS Thunderer | 14 July 1876 | Marine (military) | United Kingdom | Portsmouth Harbour, England | 45 | 70 | ||
Boston Stamping Company, under Seavey & Co. | 6 April 1878 | Industrial | United States | East Cambridge, Cambridge, Massachusetts | 3 | 6 | ||
Railway explosion | 21 December 1881 | Locomotive | Australia | Katoomba, New South Wales | Unverified report[41] | |||
Queensland Railways | 1890 | Locomotive | Australia | Queensland | ||||
North East Dundas Tramway | 18 June 1892 | Locomotive | Australia | Tasmania | ||||
Annie Faxon | 14 April 1893 | Marine (civilian) | United States | Columbia River | 8 | |||
Zeehan | 1 May 1899 | Locomotive | Australia | Zeehan, Tasmania | ||||
Great Eastern Railway No. 522 | 25 September 1900 | Locomotive | United Kingdom | Westerfield, England | 2 | 2 | [42] | |
Grover Shoe Factory disaster | 20 March 1905 | Industrial | United States | Brockton, Massachusetts | 58 | 150 | ||
HMS Implacable | 12 July 1905 | Marine (military) | United Kingdom | 2 | ||||
USS Bennington | 21 July 1905 | Marine (military) | United States | San Diego, California | 66 | |||
T.J. Salts Lumber Company | 7 August 1905 | Industrial | United States | Del Rio, Tennessee | 5 | 16 | [43][self-published source?] | |
HMS Implacable | 16 August 1906 | Marine (military) | United Kingdom | 2 | ||||
Hemingway Paint & Colour Manufacturers | 23 August 1907 | Industrial | United Kingdom | Millwall, London, England | 2 | [44] | ||
Central of Georgia Railway | October 12, 1907 | Locomotive | United States | Reynolds, Georgia | 2 | 2 | 0 | |
Boiler house at Laura coal mine | September 15, 1908 | industrial | Netherlands | Eygelshoven, the Netherlands | 7 | many | ||
Rhymney Railway 97 | 1909 | Locomotive | United Kingdom | Rhymney Railway's shed, Cardiff, Wales | 3 | 3 | [45] | |
Morewood Lake Ice Company explosion | 29 December 1910 | Industrial | United States | Pittsfield, Massachusetts | 17 | 20 | ||
SS Sarah Dixon | 18 January 1912 | Marine (civilian) | United States | Kalama, Washington | 3 | |||
Southern Pacific Roundhouse | 18 March 1912 | Locomotive | United States | San Antonio, Texas | 26 | [46] | ||
Rumney Shed | 21 April 1912 | Locomotive | United Kingdom | Cardiff, Wales | ||||
SS City of Liverpool | 24 February 1913 | Marine (civilian) | United Kingdom | Manchester Ship Canal, Runcorn, England | 1 | [47] | ||
SS James T. Staples | 10 January 1913 | Marine (civilian) | United States | Bladon Springs, Alabama | 26 | 21 | [48][49] | |
Destroyer Ikazuchi | 9 October 1913 | Marine (military) | Japan | Ominato | ||||
Southern Pacific 4037 | February 14, 1914 | Locomotive | United States | Southern Pacific's San Joaquin Division | [50] | |||
Maine Central Railroad | 1915 | Locomotive | United States | Ayers Junction, Pembroke, Maine | [51] | |||
Medina-Salamanca Railway No.2 | 10 January 1918 | Locomotive | Spain | Medina del Campo | 15 | 15 | 0 | [52] |
London and North Western Railway 132 | 11 November 1921 | Locomotive | United Kingdom | Buxton, England | 2 | 1 | [53] | |
Southern Pacific 4017 | September 12, 1929 | Locomotive | United States | [50] | ||||
LMS 6399 Fury | 10 February 1930 | Locomotive | United Kingdom | 1 | ||||
Southern Pacific 4402 | December 25, 1931 | Locomotive | United States | Near Richvale, California | [54] | |||
Elkhorn Piney Coal Company | 27 January 1934 | Locomotive | United States | Powellton, West Virginia | 16 | |||
Deutsche Reichsbahn 02 101 | 3 April 1939 | Locomotive | Germany | |||||
Southern Pacific 4199 | May 3, 1941 | Locomotive | United States | Cooper, California | 4 | [50] | ||
Canadian National 242 | 9 August 1941 | Locomotive | Canada | Montreal, Quebec | 1 | 1 | ||
Pennsylvania Railroad 520 | 14 November 1942 | Locomotive | United States | Cresson, Pennsylvania | 2 | 4 | ||
SS Cascades | 1943 | Marine (civilian) | United States | Portland, Oregon | ||||
New York Central Railroad J-3a No. 5450 while hauling the 20th Century Limited | 7 September 1943 | Locomotive | United States | Canastota, New York | 3 | [26][55] | ||
USATC S160 Class | 1943, 1944 | Locomotive | United Kingdom | |||||
Great Northern 2581 | 9 January 1947 | Locomotive | United States | Crary, North Dakota | ? | ? | [56] | |
RL Smith Lumber Company 91 | 14 February 1948 | Locomotive | United States | Canby, California | 2 | 2 | [57] | |
Chesapeake and Ohio Railway locomotive no. 3020 | 12 May 1948 | Locomotive | USA | Near Chillicothe, Ohio | 3 | 0 | [58] | |
Union Pacific 9018 | 20 October 1948 | Locomotive | United States | 1.97 miles (3.17 km) east of Upland, Kansas | 3 | [59] | ||
Deutsche Reichsbahn 95 6679 | 4 May 1951 | Locomotive | East Germany | Meiningen Steam Locomotive Works, Meiningen | 11 | |||
Chesapeake and Ohio Railway 1642 | 9 June 1953 | Locomotive | United States | Hinton, West Virginia | 3 | [60] | ||
British Railways | 24 January 1962 | Locomotive | United Kingdom | Bletchley, England | 0 | 2 | ||
New York Telephone Company building explosion | 3 October 1962 | Stationary power | United States | New York City, New York | 23 | 94 | [61] | |
PNKA CC 5002 (Bendul Explosion) | 11 April 1968 | Locomotive | Indonesia | Purwakarta, West Java | 6 | 1 | ||
USS Basilone | 5 February 1973 | Marine (military) | United States | 7 | ||||
Deutsche Reichsbahn 01 1516 | 27 November 1977 | Locomotive | East Germany | Railway station, Bitterfeld | 9 | 45 | ||
Gettysburg Railroad No. 1278 | 16 June 1995 | Locomotive | United States | Gardners, Pennsylvania | 2 | [62] | ||
USS Willamette | 29 June 1995 | Marine (military) | United States | 0 | 7 | |||
Ford River Rouge complex | 2 February 1999 | Industrial | United States | Dearborn, Michigan | 6 | |||
Medina County Fair Ground | 29 July 2001 | Antique steam tractor | United States | Medina County, Ohio | 5 | c. 40 | [63][64][65] | |
SS Norway | 25 May 2003 | Marine (civilian) | United States | Miami, Florida | 8 | 17 | ||
British Columbia Institute of Technology (BCIT) | 20 May 2005 | Stationary | Canada | Vancouver, British Columbia | ||||
St Mary's General Hospital | 15 July 2006 | Stationary | United States | Passaic, New Jersey | ||||
Dana Corporation 400-hp fire-tube boiler | 19 June 2007 | Industrial | United States | Paris, Tennessee | ||||
Orewa College | 24 June 2009 | Industrial | New Zealand | Orewa, Auckland | 1 | 1 | [66] | |
Loy-Lange Box Company | 3 April 2017 | Industrial | United States | St. Louis, Missouri | 4 | 3 | [67][68] |
See also
References
- ^ Le Van, William Barnet (1892). Safety-Valves: Their History, Antecedents, Invention and Calculation. New York: Norman W. Henley & Co. pp. 134–135. Retrieved 14 June 2009.
- ^ a b c d e Hewison 1983, p. 26.
- ^ a b Grohman, Adam M. (April 2011). "Sentinels and Saviors of the Sea" (PDF). Boating World U.S. Coast Guard Series. River & Sound Publishing of NY. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 June 2011. Retrieved 2 September 2011.
- ^ a b c Scharf, John Thomas (1883). History of Saint Louis City and County: From the Earliest Periods to the Present Day: Including Biographical Sketches of Representative Men. L. H. Everts. p. 1108.
- ^ a b Baxter 1986, p. 65.
- ^ Shaw 1978, p. 16.
- ^ Shaw 1978, pp. 46–47.
- ^ Baxter 1978, p. 13.
- ^ Schroder, Henry (1851). "Explosion of a Steam Packet Boiler at Hull". The annals of Yorkshire from the earliest period to the present time. Vol. 1. Leeds: Crosby & Co. pp. 303–04.
- ^ "Abstract of the evidence at the inquest relating to the explosion of the boiler of the 'Union' steam packet at Hull". The Mechanics' magazine, museum, register, journal, and gazette. Vol. 27. London: W. A. Robertson. 1837. pp. 189–192.
- ^ Timperley, J.; Cubitt, W.; MacNeill, J.; Buddle, J.; Field, J. (1838). "On the Explosion of One of the Boilers of the Union Steam Packet, at Hull. (Includes Discussion)". Minutes of the Proceedings. 1 (1838): 41. doi:10.1680/imotp.1838.24811.
- ^ "Trinity burial ground, Hull". British Archaeology. No. 181. Council for British Archaeology. October 2021. p. 11.
- ^ Lloyds Steamboat Disasters
- ^ Shaw 1978, p. 47.
- ^ Rolt & Kichenside 1982, p. 69.
- ^ Shaw 1978, pp. 47–48.
- ^ Baxter 1978, p. 16.
- ^ Rolt & Kichenside 1982, pp. 69–70.
- ^ Baxter 1978, p. 22.
- ^ "Boiler Explosion at Halifax". The Mechanics' Magazine. LIII (1428): 488–489. 21 December 1850. Retrieved 13 June 2009.
- ^ Leeds Intelligencer 22 March 1851
- ^ Common Council (1850). Report of the Special Committee: Catastrophe In Hague Street. New York: McSpedon & Baker. Retrieved 13 June 2009.
- ^ Little, George P. (1860). The Fireman's Own Book, Chapter: Explosion and Fire in Hague Street. pp. 259–277. Retrieved 13 June 2009.
- ^ "The Dreadful Explosion in New York". The Friend: A Religious and Literary Journal: 176. 16 February 1850. Retrieved 13 June 2009.
- ^ Baxter 1982, p. 27.
- ^ a b c d Shaw 1978, p. 48.
- ^ Dodsley, James (1855). The Annual Register, Entry for July 15, 1854: Terrific Boiler Explosion At Rochdale. London: F. & J. Rivington. p. 112. Retrieved 13 June 2009.
- ^ Sacramento Daily Union, Volume 10, Number 1456, 24 November 1855 p.2, col.5
- ^ Rolt & Kichenside 1982, p. 71.
- ^ a b Rolt & Kichenside 1982, p. 72.
- ^ William, Smith (1866). Rambles about Morley. London: John Russell Smith. Retrieved 13 June 2009.
- ^ Rolt & Kichenside 1982, pp. 72–73.
- ^ Rolt & Kichenside 1982, p. 73.
- ^ Ullrich, Dieter (2020). "The Explosion of the Steamer Eclipse". West Tennessee Historical Society Papers. Faculty Research at Morehead State University. 74: 54–72.
- ^ Cudahy, Brian J. (1990). Over and Back: The History of Ferryboats in New York Harbor. Fordham University Press. p. 158. ISBN 978-0-8232-1245-3.
- ^ Roess, Roger P.; Sansome, Gene (2013). The Wheels That Drove New York: A History of the New York City Transit System. Springer. p. 226. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-30484-2. ISBN 978-3-642-30484-2.
- ^ "APPALLING DISASTER. - Explosion of a Staten Island Ferry-Boat Boiler. Wreck of the Steamer Westfield at South Ferry. Dreadful Loss of Life and Limb the Result" (PDF). The New York Times. 31 July 1871. Retrieved 7 May 2016.
- ^ "Who Was to Blame?" (PDF). New-York Tribune. 2 August 1871. p. 4. Retrieved 27 September 2017 – via Fultonhistory.com.
- ^ Huddersfield Chronicle, 17 December 1873, p. 4, printed in Huddersfield, England
- ^ Burke, Edmund (1869). "June 9, 1869". The Annual Register. p. 55. Retrieved 13 June 2009.
- ^ "Boiler Explosion". Evening News. 26 December 1881. Retrieved 27 January 2024.
- ^ von Donop, P. G. (13 November 1900). "BoT_Westerfield1900.pdf" (PDF). Retrieved 15 July 2017.
- ^ "1 - Home Page". T. J. Salts Lumber Mill Boiler Explosion. Retrieved 23 February 2023.
- ^ Lincolnshire Echo, 24 August 1907, p. 4, col. 3, printed in Lincoln, England
- ^ Rolt & Kichenside 1982, pp. 74–75.
- ^ "The Great Locomotive Explosion". colfa.utsa.edu. Retrieved 12 May 2019.
- ^ Directors' minutes of North Lonsdale Ironworls Co, BDB47 box 16 at CRO, Barrow
- ^ Ward, Rufus (2010). The Tombigbee River Steamboats: Rollodores, Dead heads, and Side-wheelers. Charleston, South Carolina: History Press. pp. 129, 169. ISBN 978-1-59629-285-7.
- ^ James V. Swift (14 May 2001). "This Southern Steamboat Had A Tragic Ending" (PDF). Waterways Journal. Retrieved 6 November 2012.
- ^ a b c Reed, Brian (1972). Loco Profile 28: S.P. Cab-in-Fronts. Windsor, Berkshire: Profile. p. 95.
- ^ Shaw 1978, p. 49.
- ^ "La Horrorosa Catástrofe de Medina" [The terrible disaster of Medina]. El Adelanto de Salamanca [The Forward of Salamanca]. 11 January 1918. p. 2. Spain: Ministry of Culture.
- ^ "Accident at Buxton on 11th November 1921". Railways Archive. Retrieved 7 May 2017.
- ^ Reed, Brian. Loco Profile 20: The American 4-8-4. Windor, Berkshire: Profile.
- ^ Morgan, David P. (April 1988). "The Greatest Century of all: New York Central's 1938 20th Century Limited". Model Railroader. Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Kalmbach Publishing: 81.
- ^ Keyes, Norman C. Jr; Middleton, Kenneth R. (Autumn 1980). "The Great Northern Railway Company: All-Time Locomotive Roster, 1861–1970". Railroad History (143). Boston: Railway & Locomotive Historical Society.
- ^ "Foothill Rails Rosters P-Q-R".
- ^ United States Government Publications Monthly Catalog. Washington: United States Government Printing Office. August 1948. p. 969.
- ^ Kratville, William W.; Bush, John E. (1995). The Union Pacific Type. Vol. II. Omaha, Nebraska: AutoLiner. pp. 282–289. LCCN 90082171.
- ^ Long, Roy (29 October 2002). "Railroad Recollections: More About Engine 1642 Explosion". The Hinton News. Retrieved 14 August 2017.
- ^ "BOILER-BLAST SUIT ASKS $8.2 MILLION; 10 Sue in '62 Phone Building Explosion Fatal to 23". The New York Times. 15 July 1964.
- ^ "Steam Locomotive Firebox Explosion on the Gettysburg Railroad Near Gardners, Pennsylvania June 16, 1995" (PDF). ntsb.gov. National Transportation Safety Board. 15 November 1996. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
- ^ Boiler Explosion in Ohio, USA First Hand Observations from Andrew Semple
- ^ "Steam Engine Blast At Ohio Fairgrounds Leaves 4 Men Dead". The New York Times. 30 July 2001. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
- ^ "The Final Report on the Tragedy at the Medina County Fairgrounds – Steam Engines – Steam Traction". Farm Collector. Retrieved 7 June 2018.
- ^ Ruscoe, Kim (25 June 2009). "Death after school boiler explosion". Stuff.co.nz. Retrieved 29 May 2013.
- ^ Byers, Christine (6 April 2017). "4th victim who died from boiler blast near Soulard remembered as hard worker; funds set up for families". St. Louis Post-Dispatch.
- ^ Bell, Kim; Byers, Christine; Kohler, Jeremy (4 April 2017). "2 new employees filling out paperwork among dead in St. Louis boiler explosion". St. Louis Post-Dispatch.
Sources
- Baxter, Bertram (1978). Baxter, David (ed.). British Locomotive Catalogue 1825–1923, Volume 2A: London and North Western Railway and its constituent companies. Ashbourne, Derbyshire: Moorland Publishing Company. ISBN 0-903485-51-6.
- Baxter, Bertram (1982). Baxter, David (ed.). British Locomotive Catalogue 1825–1923. Vol. 3A: Midland Railway and its constituent companies. Ashbourne, Derbyshire: Moorland Publishing Company. ISBN 9780903485524.
- Baxter, Bertram (1986). Baxter, David (ed.). British Locomotive Catalogue 1825–1923, Volume 5A: North Eastern Railway, Hull and Barnsley Railway. Ashbourne, Derbyshire: Moorland Publishing Company. ISBN 0-903485-54-0.
- Hewison, Christian H. (1983). Locomotive Boiler Explosion. Newton Abbot: David and Charles. ISBN 0-7153-8305-1.
- Rolt, L. T. C.; Kichenside, G. M. (1982). Red for Danger: A history of railway accidents and railway safety (4th ed.). Newton Abbot, Devon: David & Charles. ISBN 0-7153-8362-0. OCLC 9526651.
- Shaw, Robert B. (1978). A History of Railroad Accidents, Safety Precautions and Operating Practices. LCCN 78104064.
Further reading
Contemporary listings and accounts
- Abel, F. A. (March 1875). "On Accidental Explosions". Notices of the Proceedings at the Meetings of the Members of the Royal Institution: 390–396. Retrieved 13 June 2009.
- Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons (1877). Parliamentary Papers, "361. Boiler Explosions" (For Years 1875-1876). London: HMSO. Retrieved 13 June 2009.
- Manchester Steam Users' Association for the Prevention of Steam Boiler Explosions (Founded 1855)
- Laxton, William (1866). "July 31st Meeting". The Civil Engineer & Architect's Journal. 29 (September 1): 265–267. Retrieved 13 June 2009.
- Laxton, William (1866). "September 25th Meeting". The Civil Engineer & Architect's Journal. 29 (November 1): 333–336. Retrieved 13 June 2009.
- Laxton, William (1866). "October 30th Meeting". The Civil Engineer & Architect's Journal. 29 (December 1): 359–. Retrieved 13 June 2009.
- Marten E.B. Records of Steam Boiler Explosions Various volumes, e.g. 1869 at Open Library; 1872 at Open Library; 1875, 1878, 1890 covering explosions in Britain.
- The National Boiler Insurance Company
- Laxton, William (1866). "Abstract of Report". The Civil Engineer & Architect's Journal. 29 (February 1st): 39–40. Retrieved 13 June 2009.
- Redfield, William C. (1839). Letter To The Secretary Of The Treasury, On The History and Causes of Steamboat Explosions And The Means Of Prevention. New York: william Osborn. ISBN 978-0-608-40457-8. Retrieved 13 June 2009.
- Stryker, James (March 1849). "Steam Boiler Explosions". Strykers American Register and Magazine. II (I): 100–101. Retrieved 13 June 2009.
- Thurston, R. H. (1903). Steam-Boiler Explosions in Theory and in Practice, Chapter: The Statistics of Explosions (3rd ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. Retrieved 13 June 2009.
Other
- For a short status of European steam users' associations and boiler insurance companies c. 1897, see Hale, R. S. (April 1897). "European Boiler Practice". Journal of the Association of Engineering Societies. XVIII (4): 242–243. Retrieved 13 June 2009.
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