List of English abbeys, priories and friaries serving as parish churches
This is a list of former monastic buildings in England that continue in use as parish churches or chapels of ease.
Nearly a thousand religious houses (abbeys, priories and friaries) were founded in England and Wales during the medieval period, accommodating monks, friars or nuns who had taken vows of obedience, poverty and chastity; each house was led by an abbot or abbess, or by a prior or prioress. By their foundation monasteries and nunneries (although not friaries) had acquired endowments of land, property and parochial tithes, and many had become further enriched through subsequent bequests and pilgrim donations.[1] The majority of these houses had come into existence between the 11th and 13th centuries, but by the 14th century decline had set in, hastened by the Black Death in the middle of the century.[2] Later medieval benefactors increasingly regarded charitable and educational establishments, parish and collegiate churches as more appropriate recipients of bequests and donations; and by the early 16th century some religious communities had become very small, and few were more than half full. In those years a number were amalgamated or dissolved through the initiatives of reforming bishops, the wealth released being used to endow grammar schools and colleges at Oxford and Cambridge Universities.[3]
The process that has come to be known as the Dissolution of the Monasteries began formally in 1536 following the Act for Suppression of the Lesser Monasteries. This transferred the lands and the property of religious houses with an income of less than £200 (equivalent to £150,000 in 2023)[4] a year to the crown.[5] The motives behind this are complex, and include Henry VIII's conflict with the popes over his desire for a divorce, which led to the foundation of the Church of England; and also Henry's ambition to increase the income of the crown. Under this first Act, about one-third of the religious houses were closed. This resulted in the rebellion known as the Pilgrimage of Grace. The rebellion failed, and the process of dissolution was extended; abbots, abbesses and priors were placed under increasing pressure and threats in order to persuade them to surrender their monasteries to the crown; four who refused being accused of treason and executed. The last religious house to close was Waltham Abbey in March 1540.[6]
The wealth and properties of the monasteries came into the ownership of the crown, although much was soon sold off; but what happened to the buildings of the abbeys, priories and friaries themselves varied. Most of them were immediately stripped of their valuable lead roofs, and fell into decay. Parts of some were converted into mansions by new owners. But, in around ten per cent of cases, former monastic churches or other buildings have continued in religious use for parochial worship. This was necessarily the case for that small number of religious houses where part already functioned as a full parish church, as at Wymondham Abbey. Secondly, there were a number of instances where wealthy parishes, or their benefactors, purchased a former monastic church as a replacement parish church building, as at Selby Abbey. Thirdly were those cases where part of a monastic church building was already in parochial use as a chapel of ease served by a stipendiary priest, in which case the dissolution commissioners would seek, if possible, for these clergy to continue as perpetual curates on fixed annual stipends charged against the former monastic endowments; with an appropriate portion of the monastic church retained for them to use. Priories of the Augustinian order, in particular, had been required by their rule to maintain a chapel of ease within their church for parochial worship, with the consequence that partial survival is more common for former Augustinian priory churches. Churches of dissolved friaries on the other hand, even though they had commonly served worshipping urban congregations, were rarely able to continue in parochial use as friaries lacked the foundation endowments from which a perpetual curacy might be established. Fourthly, former monastic structures that had fallen into ruin at the dissolution, or continued in secular use, were not infrequently brought back into use for parochial worship in later years out of subsequent private benefactions.
Ten medieval English cathedrals had been 'monastic', in that they had been simultaneously abbeys, and eight of these (Bath and Coventry being the exceptions) were refounded as secular cathedrals by Henry VIII. A further six former abbeys were raised to be cathedrals of newly created dioceses. Other former abbeys and priories became parish churches; of which two, Saint Albans and Southwark have become cathedrals since, while both also continuing to serve their respective parishes.[7] In some cases the whole of a former monastic church continued as a parish church; ranging from survivals of near cathedral scale, as at Sherborne Abbey, to very modest chapels such as Aconbury Priory. More commonly it is only parts of the original church that survived in parochial use, now incorporated into the fabric of a continuing church or chapel; as for example the north aisle of the nave of Wroxall Priory. At Beaulieu Abbey, it is the refectory that has been so converted. In a few cases, such as Tilty Abbey, the gatehouse chapel, the capella ante portas, now forms the parish church. Where former monastic churches were maintained after the dissolution as chapels of ease with their clergy as perpetual curates, in almost all instances these chapels will have been raised to full parish church status in the course of the 19th century.
118 former monastic buildings in England that have continued to function as parish churches or chapels of ease since the dissolution of the monasteries are included in this list, including some whose monastic functions had ceased much earlier; and also some whose conversion to parochial use happened in recent centuries. Churches are only listed where they maintain in situ at least some substantial elements of their former monastic fabric, the extent of which is noted. Excluded are those former monastic churches that have never functioned for parochial worship, including some, such as the chapel of Jesus College, Cambridge, that have remained otherwise in continuous religious use; and also those churches converted into cathedrals by Henry VIII. All these surviving monastic churches have been listed by English Heritage, most at Grade I, the others at Grade II* or II.
Key
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Grade | Criteria[8] |
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Grade I | Buildings of exceptional interest, sometimes considered to be internationally important. |
Grade II* | Particularly important buildings of more than special interest. |
Grade II | Buildings of national importance and special interest. |
Works
Name | Location | Photograph | Order | Notes | Grade |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aconbury Priory | Aconbury, Herefordshire 51°59′51″N 2°42′08″W / 51.9974°N 2.7021°W / 51.9974; -2.7021 (Aconbury Priory) | Augustine canonesses | The former parish Church of St John the Baptist (now redundant) retains the whole priory church, nave and chancel.[9] | II* | |
Amesbury Abbey | Amesbury, Wiltshire 51°10′19″N 1°47′03″W / 51.1719°N 1.7843°W / 51.1719; -1.7843 (Amesbury Abbey) | Benedictine nuns | The Church of St Mary and St Melor has been developed from the whole priory church, apart from the west end of the nave.[10][11] | I | |
Atherstone Priory | Atherstone, Warwickshire 52°34′43″N 1°32′47″W / 52.5786°N 1.5463°W / 52.5786; -1.5463 (Atherstone Priory) | Austin friars | St Mary's church incorporates the chancel and the central tower of the priory.[10][12] | II* | |
Barking Abbey | Barking, London
| Benedictine nuns | The chancel of the church of St. Margaret incorporates a parochial chapel erected in the abbey grounds, extended after the Reformation using piers and arches from the former abbey.[13][14] | I | |
Bath Abbey | Bath, Somerset 51°22′53″N 2°21′31″W / 51.3815°N 2.3587°W / 51.3815; -2.3587 (Bath Abbey) | Benedictine | The church of St Peter and St Paul has been developed from the whole former monastic cathedral church.[15][16] | I | |
Beauchief Abbey | Beauchief, Derbyshire 53°20′00″N 1°30′03″W / 53.3332°N 1.5008°W / 53.3332; -1.5008 (Beauchief Abbey) | Premonstratensian | The west tower is all that survives of the former abbey church; to which a private chapel was added in the 17th century; that since 1923 has served as the parish church of St Thomas a Beckett.[17] | II* | |
Beaulieu Abbey | Beaulieu, Hampshire 50°49′16″N 1°27′00″W / 50.8212°N 1.4501°W / 50.8212; -1.4501 (Beaulieu Abbey) | Cistercian | The Church of the Blessed Virgin and Child has been developed from the refectory.[18][19] | I | |
Binham Priory | Binham, Norfolk 52°55′13″N 0°56′47″E / 52.9203°N 0.9464°E / 52.9203; 0.9464 (Binham Priory) | Benedictine | St Mary's Church has been developed from the nave of the priory.[20][21] | I | |
Birkenhead Priory | Birkenhead, Merseyside 53°23′22″N 3°00′41″W / 53.3894°N 3.0114°W / 53.3894; -3.0114 (Birkenhead Priory) | Benedictine | The chapter house was converted after the dissolution as a parochial chapel for Birkenhead. In the 19th century, the parish church of St Mary (now ruined) was built alongside.[22] | II* | |
Bishopsgate St Helen's Priory | Bishopsgate, Greater London 51°30′53″N 0°04′54″W / 51.5148°N 0.0818°W / 51.5148; -0.0818 (Bishopsgate St Helen's Priory) | Benedictine nuns | St Helen's Church unites the formerly separate priory and parochial churches.[20][23] | I | |
Blackmore Priory | Blackmore, Essex 51°41′25″N 0°19′04″E / 51.6904°N 0.3178°E / 51.6904; 0.3178 (Blackmore Priory) | Augustinian | The Church of St Laurence has been developed from the nave of the priory.[18][24] | I | |
Blanchland Abbey | Blanchland, Northumberland 54°50′54″N 2°03′15″W / 54.8484°N 2.0541°W / 54.8484; -2.0541 (Blanchland Abbey) | Premonstratensian | St Mary's Church incorporates the nave, the north transept and tower from the abbey church.[15][25] | I | |
Blyth Priory | Blyth, Nottinghamshire 53°22′44″N 1°03′48″W / 53.3788°N 1.0634°W / 53.3788; -1.0634 (Blyth Priory) | Benedictine | The Church of St Mary and St Martin unites the monastic nave with the parochial aisle.[15][26] | I | |
Bolton Priory | Bolton Abbey, North Yorkshire 53°59′02″N 1°53′19″W / 53.9838°N 1.8886°W / 53.9838; -1.8886 (Bolton Priory) | Augustinian | St Mary's Church has been developed from the nave of the priory church.[10][27] | I | |
Bourne Abbey | Bourne, Lincolnshire 52°45′59″N 0°22′33″W / 52.7663°N 0.3757°W / 52.7663; -0.3757 (Bourne Abbey) | Augustinian | The Church of St Peter and St Paul incorporates the nave and tower of the abbey.[20][28] | I | |
Boxgrove Priory | Boxgrove, West Sussex 50°51′36″N 0°42′39″W / 50.8600°N 0.7109°W / 50.8600; -0.7109 (Boxgrove Priory) | Benedictine | The Church of St Mary and St Blaize incorporates the chancel and the central tower of the priory church.[10][29] | I | |
Breedon Priory | Breedon on the Hill, Leicestershire 52°42′09″N 1°02′18″W / 52.7024°N 1.0383°W / 52.7024; -1.0383 (Breedon Priory) | Augustinian | The Church of St Mary and St Hardulph incorporates the chancel and the central tower of the priory.[20][30] | I | |
Bridlington Priory | Bridlington, East Yorkshire 54°05′40″N 0°12′06″W / 54.0944°N 0.2018°W / 54.0944; -0.2018 (Bridlington Priory) | Augustinian | St Mary's Church has been developed from the nave of the priory church.[10][31] | I | |
Brinkburn Priory | Brinkburn, Northumberland 55°16′44″N 1°49′08″W / 55.2789°N 1.8189°W / 55.2789; -1.8189 (Brinkburn Priory) | Augustinian | The Priory Church of St. Peter and St. Paul retains the whole of the priory church, restored and re-roofed in the 19th century.[15][32] | I | |
Bristol St James' Priory | Bristol 51°27′31″N 2°35′35″W / 51.4587°N 2.5930°W / 51.4587; -2.5930 (St James' Priory, Bristol) | Benedictine | The nave has been retained from the priory, but is much altered.[18][33] | I | |
Bromfield Priory | Bromfield, Shropshire 52°23′12″N 2°45′45″W / 52.3868°N 2.7626°W / 52.3868; -2.7626 (Bromfield Priory) | Benedictine | St Mary's Church consists of the nave, the north aisle, the former crossing (now the chancel), and the tower.[15][34][35] | I | |
Bungay Priory | Bungay, Suffolk 52°27′20″N 1°26′17″E / 52.4556°N 1.4380°E / 52.4556; 1.4380 (Bungay Priory) | Benedictine nuns | St Mary's Church incorporates the nave of the priory church.[10][36] | I | |
Carisbrooke Priory | Carisbrooke, Isle of Wight 50°41′29″N 1°18′48″W / 50.6914°N 1.3133°W / 50.6914; -1.3133 (Carisbrooke Priory) | Benedictine | St Mary's parish church is formed from the nave of the priory church.[22] | I | |
Canons Ashby Priory | Canons Ashby, Northamptonshire 52°09′00″N 1°09′24″W / 52.1500°N 1.1568°W / 52.1500; -1.1568 (Canons Ashby Priory) | Augustinian | St Mary's Church incorporates the tower and part of the nave.[15][37] | I | |
Cartmel Priory | Cartmel, Cumbria 54°12′04″N 2°57′09″W / 54.2011°N 2.9524°W / 54.2011; -2.9524 (Cartmel Priory) | Augustinian | The whole of the priory church has been developed into the Church of St Mary.[20][38][39] | I | |
Chetwold Priory | Chetwode, Buckinghamshire 51°57′47″N 1°04′09″W / 51.9630°N 1.0693°W / 51.9630; -1.0693 (Chetwold Priory) | Augustinian | The chancel remains as the church of St Mary and St Nicholas, but has been much rebuilt.[40][41] | I | |
Chirbury Priory | Chirbury, Shropshire 52°34′46″N 3°05′29″W / 52.5794°N 3.0915°W / 52.5794; -3.0915 (Chirbury Priory) | Augustinian | St Michael's Church has incorporated the nave and the west tower.[15][42][43] | I | |
Christchurch Priory | Christchurch, Dorset 50°43′56″N 1°46′28″W / 50.7322°N 1.7744°W / 50.7322; -1.7744 (Christchurch Priory) | Augustinian | Holy Trinity church has been developed from the whole of the priory church.[18][44] | I | |
Clerkenwell St John's Priory | Clerkenwell, London 51°31′19″N 0°06′09″W / 51.5220°N 0.1025°W / 51.5220; -0.1025 (Clerkenwell Priory) | Knights Hospitaller | The crypt of the priory church survives below the parish church of St John Clerkenwell.[45] | I | |
Coggeshall Abbey | Coggeshall, Essex 51°52′06″N 0°41′28″E / 51.8683°N 0.6910°E / 51.8683; 0.6910 (Coggeshall Abbey) | Cistercian | The gatehouse chapel has been made into the Church of St Nicholas.[18][46] | I | |
Cranborne Priory | Cranborne, Dorset 50°55′07″N 1°55′26″W / 50.9187°N 1.9238°W / 50.9187; -1.9238 (Cranborne Priory) | Benedictine | The Church of St Mary and St Bartholomew was formerly the priory church.[18][47] | I | |
Croyland Abbey | Crowland, Lincolnshire 52°40′35″N 0°09′54″W / 52.6764°N 0.1651°W / 52.6764; -0.1651 (Croyland Abbey) | Benedictine | The north aisle of the abbey has been converted into the parish church of St Mary, St Bartholomew and St Guthlac.[20][48] | I | |
Dale Abbey | Dale Abbey, Derbyshire 52°56′34″N 1°21′03″W / 52.9429°N 1.3507°W / 52.9429; -1.3507 (Dale Abbey) | Premonstratensian | All Saints parish church is converted from the former infirmary chapel, and adjoins a farmhouse (which was once a pub).[49] | I | |
Davington Priory | Davington, Kent 51°19′09″N 0°53′04″E / 51.3193°N 0.8845°E / 51.3193; 0.8845 (Davington Priory) | Benedictine nuns | The Church of St Mary Magdalen and St Lawrence incorporates the nave and tower of the priory.[20][50] | II* | |
Deeping St. James Priory | Deeping St. James, Lincolnshire 52°40′18″N 0°17′23″W / 52.6717°N 0.2896°W / 52.6717; -0.2896 (Deeping St. James Priory) | Benedictine | St James' Church incorporates the nave of the priory.[20][51] | I | |
Deerhurst Priory | Deerhurst, Gloucestershire 51°58′05″N 2°11′24″W / 51.9680°N 2.1900°W / 51.9680; -2.1900 (Deerhurst Priory) | Benedictine | St Mary's Church, Deerhurst contains the tower and the nave of the priory.[18][52] | I | |
Dorchester Abbey | Dorchester on Thames, Oxfordshire 51°38′37″N 1°09′51″W / 51.6436°N 1.1643°W / 51.6436; -1.1643 (Dorchester Abbey) | Augustinian | The Church of St Peter and St Paul has been developed from the whole of the abbey church.[15][53] | I | |
Dore Abbey | Abbey Dore, Herefordshire 51°58′07″N 2°53′37″W / 51.9687°N 2.8935°W / 51.9687; -2.8935 (Dore Abbey) | Cistercian | St Mary's Church incorporates the chancel, transepts, and the tower of the abbey.[18][54] | I | |
Dunstable Priory | Dunstable, Bedfordshire 51°53′10″N 0°31′03″W / 51.8860°N 0.5176°W / 51.8860; -0.5176 (Dunstable Priory) | Augustinian | Most of the nave and the northwest tower remain as the church of St Peter.[40][55] | I | |
Dunster Priory | Dunster, Somerset 51°11′00″N 3°26′45″W / 51.1833°N 3.4458°W / 51.1833; -3.4458 (Dunster Priory) | Benedictine | St George's Church has developed from the priory church.[15][56] | I | |
Edington Priory | Edington, Wiltshire 51°16′44″N 2°06′25″W / 51.2789°N 2.1069°W / 51.2789; -2.1069 (Edington Priory) | Bonshommes | The Church of St Mary, St Katherine and All Saints has been developed from the whole priory church.[10][57] | I | |
Elstow Abbey | Elstow, Bedfordshire 52°06′54″N 0°28′10″W / 52.1150°N 0.4694°W / 52.1150; -0.4694 (Elstow Abbey) | Benedictine nuns | The church of St Mary and St Helena consists of most of the nave and the detached tower of the abbey church.[40][58] | I | |
Farewell Priory | Farewell, Staffordshire 52°42′08″N 1°52′42″W / 52.7022°N 1.8783°W / 52.7022; -1.8783 (Farewell Priory) | Benedictine nuns | St Bartholomew's Church incorporates the chancel from the priory church.[15][59][60] | II* | |
Freiston Priory | Freiston, Lincolnshire 52°58′25″N 0°02′59″E / 52.9736°N 0.0497°E / 52.9736; 0.0497 (Freiston Priory) | Benedictine | St James' Church has incorporated the nave and the tower.[20][61] | I | |
Great Bricett Priory | Great Bricett, Suffolk 52°07′01″N 0°58′34″E / 52.1169°N 0.9762°E / 52.1169; 0.9762 (Great Bricett Priory) | Augustinian | The nave of the priory church is incorporated in the Church of St Mary and St Laurence.[10][62] | I | |
Great Malvern Priory | Malvern, Worcestershire 52°06′38″N 2°19′44″W / 52.1105°N 2.3288°W / 52.1105; -2.3288 (Great Malvern Priory) | Benedictine | The Church of St Mary and St Michael has been developed from the priory church; which survives complete, other than for the south transept.[10][63] | I | |
Gresley Priory | Church Gresley, Derbyshire 52°45′35″N 1°34′01″W / 52.7598°N 1.5669°W / 52.7598; -1.5669 (Gresley Priory) | Augustinian | The Church of Saint Mary and Saint George incorporates part of the nave of the priory.[64] | II* | |
Hatfield Broad Oak Priory | Hatfield Broad Oak, Essex 51°49′37″N 0°14′35″E / 51.8269°N 0.2430°E / 51.8269; 0.2430 (Hatfield Broad Oak Priory) | Benedictine | The west tower remains and the Church of St Mary the Virgin has been developed from the nave of the priory.[18][65] | I | |
Hatfield Peverel Priory | Hatfield Peverel, Essex 51°46′08″N 0°36′10″E / 51.7690°N 0.6029°E / 51.7690; 0.6029 (Hatfield Peverel Priory) | Benedictine | St Andrew's church has been developed from the nave of the priory.[18][66] | II* | |
Hexham Priory | Hexham, Northumberland 54°58′18″N 2°06′09″W / 54.9716°N 2.1026°W / 54.9716; -2.1026 (Hexham Priory) | Augustinian | St Andrew's Priory Church incorporates the chancel, the transepts, and the central tower.[15][67] | I | |
Heynings Priory | Knaith, Lincolnshire 53°21′07″N 0°45′28″W / 53.3520°N 0.7577°W / 53.3520; -0.7577 (Heynings Priory) | Cistercian nuns | The nave of St Mary's Church, Knaith may reuse the transept from the priory church.[20][68] | II* | |
Holm Cultram Abbey | Abbeytown, Cumbria 54°50′43″N 3°16′58″W / 54.8454°N 3.2829°W / 54.8454; -3.2829 (Holm Cultram Abbey) | Cistercian | Most of the nave has survived as St Mary's Church, Abbeytown.[40][69][70] | I | |
Hurley Priory | Hurley, Berkshire 51°32′58″N 0°48′37″W / 51.5495°N 0.8103°W / 51.5495; -0.8103 (Hurley Priory) | Benedictine | The nave from the former priory remains as the church of St Mary.[40][71] | II* | |
Ingham Priory | Ingham, Norfolk 52°46′45″N 1°32′38″E / 52.7790672°N 1.5437937°E / 52.7790672; 1.5437937 (Ingham Priory) | Trinitarian Canons | The parish church is converted from the priory church, which survives complete.[72] | I | |
Jarrow Priory | Jarrow, Tyne and Wear 54°58′49″N 1°28′20″W / 54.9804°N 1.4723°W / 54.9804; -1.4723 (Jarrow Priory) | Benedictine | The tower remains, and the original nave forms the chancel of St Paul's Church.[18][73] | I | |
Kirkstead Abbey | Kirkstead, Lincolnshire 53°08′10″N 0°13′21″W / 53.1362°N 0.2224°W / 53.1362; -0.2224 (Kirkstead Abbey) | Cistercian | The gatehouse chapel has been converted into the church of St Leonard's Without.[20][74] | I | |
Kirby Bellars Priory | Kirby Bellars, Leicestershire 52°45′23″N 0°56′18″W / 52.7563°N 0.9382°W / 52.7563; -0.9382 (Kirby Bellars Priory) | Augustinian Canons Regular | The Parish Church of Saint Peter's, which was probably the priory church, survives with only the north aisle missing.[75] There are earthworks in the field to the north of the church where the priory house once stood.[76] | I | |
Kyme Priory | South Kyme, Lincolnshire 53°01′57″N 0°15′32″W / 53.0326°N 0.2588°W / 53.0326; -0.2588 (Kyme Priory) | Augustinian | The western end of the south aisle of the priory has been incorporated in the Church of St Mary and All Saints.[20][77] | II* | |
Lancaster Priory | Lancaster, Lancashire 54°03′03″N 2°48′21″W / 54.0507°N 2.8057°W / 54.0507; -2.8057 (Lancaster Priory) | Benedictine afterwards Bridgettine Canons | Formerly an alien cell of Sees in Normandy, and given to the Bridgettines of Syon Abbey in 1414. The 15th century parish church of St. Mary also served for the male canons.[78] | I | |
Lanercost Priory | Lanercost, Cumbria 54°57′58″N 2°41′42″W / 54.9661°N 2.6951°W / 54.9661; -2.6951 (Lanercost Priory) | Augustinian | The nave is used as the parish church of St Mary Magdelene.[40][79][80] | I | |
Lapley Priory | Lapley, Staffordshire 52°42′50″N 2°11′25″W / 52.7139°N 2.1903°W / 52.7139; -2.1903 (Lapley Priory) | Benedictine | All Saints Church incorporates the chancel, nave and tower of the priory church.[15][81][82] | I | |
Lastingham Abbey | Lastingham, North Yorkshire 54°18′14″N 0°52′55″W / 54.304°N 0.882°W / 54.304; -0.882 (Lastingham Abbey) | Benedictine | St Mary's church consists of the apse, chancel, crossing and crypt of the abbey church, all built following the founding of the abbey in 1078. However, in 1086 the community moved to St Mary's Abbey, York, and the building became a parish church.[72] | I | |
Lenton Priory | Lenton, Nottinghamshire 52°56′55″N 1°10′31″W / 52.9485°N 1.1753°W / 52.9485; -1.1753 (Lenton Priory) | Cluniac | St Anthony's parish church is a 19th-century rebuilding of the infirmary chapel of the priory.[83] | II | |
Leominster Priory | Leominster, Herefordshire 52°13′46″N 2°44′09″W / 52.2294°N 2.7357°W / 52.2294; -2.7357 (Leominster Priory) | Benedictine | The monastic nave and west tower have been united with the former parochial nave and aisle into the Priory Church of St Peter and St Paul.[18][84] | I | |
Leonard Stanley Priory | Leonard Stanley, Gloucestershire 51°43′40″N 2°17′16″W / 51.7277°N 2.2877°W / 51.7277; -2.2877 (Leonard Stanley Priory) | Augustinian; later Benedictine | St Swithin's Church has been developed from the whole of the priory.[18][85] | I | |
Letheringham Priory | Letheringham, Suffolk 52°10′44″N 1°18′59″E / 52.1790°N 1.3165°E / 52.1790; 1.3165 (Letheringham Priory) | Augustinian | St Mary's Church incorporates the tower and the nave of the priory church.[10][86] | II* | |
Little Dunmow Priory | Little Dunmow, Essex 51°51′54″N 0°24′14″E / 51.8651°N 0.4038°E / 51.8651; 0.4038 (Little Dunmow Priory) | Augustinian | The parish church of St Mary has been converted from the lady chapel of the priory church.[87] | I | |
Little Malvern Priory | Little Malvern, Worcestershire 52°03′41″N 2°20′12″W / 52.0614°N 2.3366°W / 52.0614; -2.3366 (Little Malvern Priory) | Benedictine | St Giles' Church incorporates the chancel and the crossing tower of the priory church.[10][88] | I | |
Malmesbury Abbey | Malmesbury, Wiltshire 51°35′05″N 2°05′54″W / 51.5847°N 2.0984°W / 51.5847; -2.0984 (Malmesbury Abbey) | Benedictine | The Church of St Mary and St Aldhelm has been developed from the nave of the abbey church, and the south porch has been retained.[10][89] | I | |
Malton Priory | Old Malton, North Yorkshire 54°08′33″N 0°46′44″W / 54.1426°N 0.7790°W / 54.1426; -0.7790 (Malton Priory) | Gilbertine | The Priory Church of St Mary has retained part of the nave and the southwest tower.[10][90][91] | I | |
Marrick Priory | Marrick, North Yorkshire 54°13′24″N 1°32′08″W / 54.2232°N 1.5356°W / 54.2232; -1.5356 (Marrick Priory) | Benedictine nuns | The church of St Andrew continued in use as a chapel of ease until 1948, with the tower surviving from the priory. Now converted into an outdoor education centre and retreat house.[92] | II* | |
Merevale Abbey | Merevale, Warwickshire 52°34′36″N 1°34′22″W / 52.5766°N 1.5728°W / 52.5766; -1.5728 (Merevale Abbey) | Cistercian | The Church of Our Lady has been developed from the gatehouse chapel.[10][93] | I | |
Milton Abbey | Milton Abbas, Dorset 50°49′14″N 2°17′12″W / 50.8206°N 2.2867°W / 50.8206; -2.2867 (Milton Abbey) | Benedictine | Choir, crossing, tower and transepts survive of the abbey church; in use after the reformation as the chapel of ease for the estate village of Milton Abbas; and since 1954, for a public school.[94] | I | |
Minster-in-Sheppey Priory | Minster, Swale, Kent 51°25′20″N 0°48′43″E / 51.4222°N 0.8120°E / 51.4222; 0.8120 (Minster-in-Sheppey Priory) | Benedictine nuns | The Abbey Church of St Mary and St Sexburga incorporates the nave and part of the chancel of the abbey.[20][95] | I | |
Monks Kirby Priory | Monks Kirby, Warwickshire 52°26′40″N 1°19′12″W / 52.4444°N 1.3199°W / 52.4444; -1.3199 (Monks Kirby Priory) | Benedictine | The priory church evolved into the parish church of St Edith, Monks Kirby.[94] | I | |
Monkwearmouth Priory | Monkwearmouth, Tyne and Wear 54°54′47″N 1°22′30″W / 54.9131°N 1.3749°W / 54.9131; -1.3749 (Monkwearmouth Priory) | Benedictine | The tower, porch and west wall of the 7th century monastic church now form the west facade of St Peter's parish church.[96] | I | |
Nuneaton Priory | Nuneaton, Warwickshire 52°31′35″N 1°28′38″W / 52.5265°N 1.4773°W / 52.5265; -1.4773 (Nuneaton Priory) | Benedictine nuns | The priory church was converted into a house; but in the 19th century was rebuilt on the medieval foundations as a parish church of St Mary. The monastic crossing piers survive.[97] | II | |
Nun Monkton Priory | Nun Monkton, North Yorkshire 54°00′53″N 1°13′15″W / 54.0148°N 1.2208°W / 54.0148; -1.2208 (Nun Monkton Priory) | Benedictine nuns | St Mary's Church has incorporated the nave of the priory.[10][98] | I | |
Owston Priory | Owston and Newbold, Leicestershire 52°39′50″N 0°51′23″W / 52.6639°N 0.8564°W / 52.6639; -0.8564 (Owston Priory) | Augustinian | St Andrew's Church has incorporated the chancel, the tower, and a chapel from the priory.[20][99] | I | |
Pamber Priory | Monk Sherborne, Hampshire 51°19′09″N 1°07′39″W / 51.3192°N 1.1274°W / 51.3192; -1.1274 (Pamber Priory) | Benedictine | The crossing, tower and chancel remain from the priory as the church of the Holy Trinity, Our Lady, and St John the Baptist.[18][100] | I | |
Pershore Abbey | Pershore, Worcestershire 52°06′37″N 2°04′39″W / 52.1104°N 2.0775°W / 52.1104; -2.0775 (Pershore Abbey) | Benedictine | The Church of Holy Cross with St Edburgha incorporates the chancel, the central tower, and the south transept of the abbey church.[10][101] | I | |
Pilton Priory | Pilton, Devon 51°05′18″N 4°03′45″W / 51.0884°N 4.0625°W / 51.0884; -4.0625 (Pilton Priory) | Benedictine | St Mary the Virgin's Church has been converted from the priory buildings.[18][102] | I | |
Polesworth Abbey | Polesworth, Warwickshire 52°37′08″N 1°36′45″W / 52.6190°N 1.6126°W / 52.6190; -1.6126 (Polesworth Abbey) | Benedictine nuns | St Editha's Church incorporates the nave and the north tower of the abbey church.[10][103] | II* | |
Portchester Priory | Portchester, Hampshire 50°50′17″N 1°06′59″W / 50.8380°N 1.1164°W / 50.8380; -1.1164 (Portchester Priory) | Augustinian | St Mary's parish church was built as the priory church in the 12th century; but the canons moved to Southwick Priory after 20 years.[104] | I | |
Ramsey Abbey | Ramsey, Cambridgeshire 52°26′57″N 0°06′08″W / 52.4491°N 0.1022°W / 52.4491; -0.1022 (Ramsey Abbey) | Benedictine | St Thomas a Beckett's Church was converted from the former hospitium or guest-hall of the abbey around 1222 CE.[105] | I | |
Reading, Greyfriars Church | Reading, Berkshire 51°27′24″N 0°58′35″W / 51.4568°N 0.9765°W / 51.4568; -0.9765 (Greyfriars Church, Reading) | Franciscan friars | The nave and transepts remain, but have been almost completely rebuilt.[40][106] | I | |
Redlingfield Priory | Redlingfield, Suffolk 52°17′38″N 1°12′22″E / 52.294°N 1.206°E / 52.294; 1.206 (Redlingfield Priory) | Benedictine nuns | The nuns shared with the parish the choir of the church of St Andrew, which survives.[107] | II | |
Romsey Abbey | Romsey, Hampshire 50°59′23″N 1°30′05″W / 50.9896°N 1.5013°W / 50.9896; -1.5013 (Romsey Abbey) | Benedictine nuns | The Church of St Mary has been developed from the whole of the abbey.[18][108] | I | |
Royston Priory | Royston, Hertfordshire 52°02′53″N 0°01′24″W / 52.0480°N 0.0234°W / 52.0480; -0.0234 (Royston Priory) | Augustinian | The nave of the Church of St John the Baptist re-uses the choir of the priory.[109] | I | |
Rumburgh Priory | Rumburgh, Suffolk 52°23′05″N 1°26′48″E / 52.3846°N 1.4466°E / 52.3846; 1.4466 (Rumburgh Priory) | Benedictine | The parish church of St Michael and St Felix is converted from the priory church[107] | I | |
St Albans Abbey | St Albans, Hertfordshire 51°45′02″N 0°20′32″W / 51.750556°N 0.342222°W / 51.750556; -0.342222 (St Albans Abbey) | Benedictine | At the dissolution, the Abbey Church was purchased in its entirety by the town as a parish church; and became a cathedral in 1877.[110] | I | |
St Bees Priory | St Bees, Cumbria 54°29′38″N 3°35′36″W / 54.4939°N 3.5934°W / 54.4939; -3.5934 (St Bees Priory) | Benedictine | The nave was retained as the parish church which now also occupies the tower crossing and transepts. Chancel re-roofed as theological college 1817, restored 2012, now parish room.[40][111][112][113] | I | |
St Germans Priory | St Germans, Cornwall 50°23′48″N 4°18′34″W / 50.3967°N 4.3095°W / 50.3967; -4.3095 (St Germans Priory) | Augustinian | The Church of St Germanus is developed from the nave and west towers of the priory church.[40][114] | I | |
St Michael's Mount | St Michael's Mount, Cornwall 50°06′58″N 5°28′38″W / 50.1160°N 5.4772°W / 50.1160; -5.4772 (St Michael's Mount) | Benedictine | The priory was suppressed by Henry V and the church continued as a chapel of ease for residents of the tidal island.[107] | I | |
Selby Abbey | Selby, North Yorkshire 53°47′03″N 1°04′02″W / 53.7841°N 1.0671°W / 53.7841; -1.0671 (Selby Abbey) | Benedictine | Following the Dissolution the monastic church stood derelict for several decades but in 1618, the building was bought and restored by the parish of Selby, and survives in its entirety as the Church of St Mary and St Germain.[10][115] | I | |
Sempringham Priory | Sempringham, Lincolnshire 52°52′56″N 0°21′26″W / 52.8821°N 0.3571°W / 52.8821; -0.3571 (Sempringham Priory) | Gilbertine | Until around 1140, the first house of the Gilbertine order shared use of the parish church of St Andrew, and the surviving nave of the current church may date from that period.[20][116] | I | |
Sherborne Abbey | Sherborne, Dorset 50°56′48″N 2°31′00″W / 50.9467°N 2.5167°W / 50.9467; -2.5167 (Sherborne Abbey) | Benedictine | At the Dissolution in 1539, the parish of Sherborne replaced its the former parish church building (whose foundations are still visible) by purchasing the monastic church; which survives in its entirety as the Abbey Church of St Mary.[18][117] | I | |
Shrewsbury Abbey | Shrewsbury, Shropshire 52°42′27″N 2°44′38″W / 52.7076°N 2.7438°W / 52.7076; -2.7438 (Shrewsbury Abbey) | Benedictine | The Church of the Holy Cross incorporates the abbey's nave and west tower.[15][118][119] | I | |
Smithfield St Bartholomew's Priory | Smithfield, Greater London 51°31′08″N 0°05′59″W / 51.5189°N 0.0997°W / 51.5189; -0.0997 (Smithfield St Bartholomew's Priory) | Augustinian | The chancel and crossing have been incorporated into the Church of St Bartholomew-the-Great.[20][120] | I | |
Southwark Priory | Southwark, Greater London 51°30′22″N 0°05′21″W / 51.5061°N 0.0892°W / 51.5061; -0.0892 (Southwark Priory) | Augustinian | After the dissolution, the church became the parish church of St Saviour's, and was converted into a cathedral in 1905. Choir, transepts, tower and crossing survive from the priory church.[121] | I | |
Stogursey Priory | Stogursey, Somerset 51°10′47″N 3°08′21″W / 51.1796°N 3.1391°W / 51.1796; -3.1391 (Stogursey Priory) | Benedictine | St Andrew's Church has been developed from the priory church.[15][122] | I | |
Stow Minster | Stow, Lincolnshire, 53°19′39″N 0°40′38″W / 53.3276°N 0.6773°W / 53.3276; -0.6773 (Stow Minster) | Benedictine | The nave, crossing and transepts of the church of Saint Mary survive from the late Saxon minster and collegiate church, which was rebuilt and refounded with Benedictine monks transferred from Eynsham Abbey in Oxfordshire in 1091, only for the monks to return to Eynsham after five years.[123] | I | |
Swine Priory | Swine, East Yorkshire 53°48′23″N 0°16′45″W / 53.8063°N 0.2791°W / 53.8063; -0.2791 (Swine Priory) | Cistercian nuns | St Mary's Church incorporates the chancel of the priory church.[15][124] | I | |
Temple Church | Inner Temple, London 51°30′45″N 0°06′32″W / 51.5125°N 0.109°W / 51.5125; -0.109 (Temple Church) | Knights Templar, then Knights Hospitaller | The church of St Mary's preserves the whole of the original Templar Church, as both a parish church and a private chapel for the Inns of Court.[125] | I | |
Tewkesbury Abbey | Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire 51°59′25″N 2°09′39″W / 51.9902°N 2.1608°W / 51.9902; -2.1608 (Tewkesbury Abbey) | Benedictine | The present church of St Maryhas been developed from the whole of the original abbey church.[18][126] | I | |
Thorney Abbey | Thorney, Cambridgeshire 52°37′13″N 0°06′26″W / 52.6204°N 0.1071°W / 52.6204; -0.1071 (Thorney Abbey) | Benedictine | The present church of St Mary and St Botolph incorporates part of the abbey's nave.[20][127] | I | |
Thurgarton Priory | Thurgarton, Nottinghamshire 53°02′08″N 0°58′12″W / 53.0356°N 0.9700°W / 53.0356; -0.9700 (Thurgarton Priory) | Augustinian | The Priory Church of St. Peter incorporates part of the nave and the tower.[15][128] | I | |
Tilty Abbey | Tilty, Essex 51°54′51″N 0°19′29″E / 51.9142°N 0.3247°E / 51.9142; 0.3247 (Tilty Abbey) | Cistercian | The gatehouse chapel has been developed into the Church of St Mary the Virgin.[18][129] | I | |
Tutbury Priory | Tutbury, Staffordshire 52°51′32″N 1°41′16″W / 52.8590°N 1.6877°W / 52.8590; -1.6877 (Tutbury Priory) | Benedictine | The nave of the priory church is incorporated in St Mary's Church.[15][130][131] | I | |
Upholland Priory | Upholland, Lancashire 53°32′25″N 2°43′16″W / 53.5404°N 2.7211°W / 53.5404; -2.7211 (Upholland Priory) | Benedictine | The Church of St Thomas the Martyr incorporates the former chancel of the priory as its nave.[20][132][133] | I | |
Waltham Abbey | Waltham Abbey, Essex 51°41′15″N 0°00′13″W / 51.6876°N 0.0035°W / 51.6876; -0.0035 (Waltham Abbey) | Augustinian | The nave of the abbey has been converted into the Church of the Holy Cross and St Lawrence.[18][134] | I | |
Weybourne Priory | Weybourne, Norfolk 52°56′35″N 1°08′30″E / 52.9431°N 1.1416°E / 52.9431; 1.1416 (Weybourne Priory) | Augustinian | The nave and chancel of the parish church of All Saints abut the arcades and walls of the former monastic nave and tower.[72] | I | |
Witham Charterhouse | Witham Friary, Somerset 51°09′47″N 2°21′58″W / 51.1631°N 2.3660°W / 51.1631; -2.3660 (Witham Charterhouse) | Carthusian | The lay brother's church is now used as the Parish church of the Blessed Virgin Mary, St John Baptist and All Saints, Witham Friary[135] | I | |
Woodkirk Priory | Woodkirk, West Yorkshire 53°43′18″N 1°35′22″W / 53.7216°N 1.5895°W / 53.7216; -1.5895 (Woodkirk Priory) | Augustinian | St Mary's church was rebuilt in the 19th century; but retains the west tower of the medieval priory and parish church.[72] | II | |
Worksop Priory | Worksop, Nottinghamshire 53°18′14″N 1°06′57″W / 53.3038°N 1.1157°W / 53.3038; -1.1157 (Worksop Priory) | Augustinian | The west towers, nave, and Lady chapel are incorporated in the present church of St Mary and St Cuthbert.[15][136] | I | |
Wroxall Priory | Wroxall, Warwickshire 52°20′03″N 1°40′33″W / 52.3342°N 1.6758°W / 52.3342; -1.6758 (Wroxall Priory) | Benedictine | The north aisle of the priory church has been incorporated in St Leonard's Church.[10][137] | I | |
Wymondham Abbey | Wymondham, Norfolk 52°34′14″N 1°06′27″E / 52.5705°N 1.1074°E / 52.5705; 1.1074 (Wymondham Abbey) | Benedictine | The present church of St Mary and St Thomas of Canterbury has been developed from the nave of the abbey.[20][138] | I | |
York Holy Trinity Priory | Micklegate, York, North Yorkshire 53°57′23″N 1°05′21″W / 53.9565°N 1.0891°W / 53.9565; -1.0891 (York Holy Trinity Priory) | Benedictine | Holy Trinity Church has retained the nave and the northwest tower of the priory church.[10][139] | I |
See also
References
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- Bibliography
- Clifton-Taylor, Alec (1974), English Parish Churches as Works of Art, London: Batsford, ISBN 0-7134-2776-0
- Hyde, Matthew; Pevsner, Nikolaus (2010) [1967], Cumbria, The Buildings of England, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, ISBN 978-0-300-12663-1
- Newman, John; Pevsner, Nikolaus (2006), Shropshire, The Buildings of England, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, ISBN 0-300-12083-4
- Pevsner, Nikolaus (1974), Staffordshire, The Buildings of England, Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, ISBN 0-14-071046-9
- Pollard, Richard; Pevsner, Nikolaus (2006), Lancashire: Liverpool and the South-West, The Buildings of England, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, ISBN 0-300-10910-5
- Thorold, Henry (1986), Cathedrals Abbeys and Priories of England and Wales, Collins, ISBN 0-00-217241-0
- Woodward, G. W. O.; McIlwain, John (1993), Dissolution of the Monasteries, Norwich: Jarrold, ISBN 0-85372-617-5