The water pressure on the outer hatch is always greater than the air pressure inside the submarine, which prevents opening the hatch. Only when the pressure inside the escape chamber is equal to the sea pressure can the hatch be opened. Thus the compartment must be sealed off from the interior of the submarine and the pressure inside the chamber must be raised to sea pressure in order to make it possible to open the escape hatch.[2]
The escape trunk can also be used for the rescue of a crew inside a disabled submarine using a Deep Submergence Rescue Vehicle (DSRV). The crew of the DSRV will maneuver the vessel above the upper hatch of the escape trunk and then latch on to the submarine using the built-in eyes on the outer hull of the submarine. Most submarines do not have the built-in eyes and rely on the DSRV establishing a watertight seal on the area surrounding the hatch. Once the sub has settled on the correct location the skirt is pumped out and the hydrostatic pressure on the exterior of the skirt is enough to maintain the seal when the hatches are opened and the transfer undertaken. The crew can then quickly equalize the pressure in the small chamber between the DSRV and the submarine and open their own lower hatch.
On the outside of the upper hatch of the escape trunk is often a shaft connected to the wheel that operates the locking mechanism. The crew of the DSRV can attach a wheel to the shaft and turn the shaft to unlock the hatch, thus providing access to the interior of the submarine. This is a risky operation, as when a submarine has been damaged enough to sink, it is possible there was an ingress of water into the pressure hull raising the internal pressure above the normal 1 bar.[5][6][7]
Underwater diving
- Diving activities
- Diving modes
- Atmospheric pressure diving
- Freediving
- Saturation diving
- Scuba diving
- Snorkeling
- Surface oriented diving
- Surface-supplied diving
- Unmanned diving
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Diving equipment |
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Basic equipment | |
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Breathing gas | |
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Buoyancy and trim equipment | |
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Decompression equipment | |
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Diving suit | |
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Helmets and masks | |
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Instrumentation | |
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Mobility equipment | |
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Safety equipment | |
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Underwater breathing apparatus | |
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Diving equipment manufacturers | |
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Access equipment | |
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Breathing gas handling | |
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Decompression equipment | |
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Platforms | |
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Remotely operated underwater vehicles | |
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Safety equipment | |
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General | |
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Activities | |
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Competitions | |
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Equipment | |
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Freedivers | |
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Hazards | |
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Historical | |
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Organisations | |
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Occupations | |
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Underwater work | Salvage diving | - SS Egypt
- Kronan
- La Belle
- SS Laurentic
- RMS Lusitania
- Mars
- Mary Rose
- USS Monitor
- HMS Royal George
- Vasa
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Diving contractors | |
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Tools and equipment | |
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Underwater weapons | |
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Specialties | |
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Diver organisations | |
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Diving tourism industry | |
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Diving events and festivals | |
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Diving hazards | |
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Diving procedures | |
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Risk management | |
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Diving disorders | Pressure related | Oxygen | |
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Inert gases | |
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Carbon dioxide | |
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Breathing gas contaminants | |
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Immersion related | |
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Treatment | |
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Personnel | |
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Screening | |
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Research | Researchers in diving physiology and medicine | |
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Diving medical research organisations | |
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Archeological sites | |
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Underwater art and artists | |
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Engineers and inventors | |
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Historical equipment | |
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Military and covert operations | - Raid on Alexandria (1941)
- Sinking of the Rainbow Warrior
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Scientific projects | |
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Awards and events | |
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Incidents | Dive boat incidents | |
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Diver rescues | |
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Early diving | |
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Freediving fatalities | |
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Offshore diving incidents | - Byford Dolphin diving bell accident
- Drill Master diving accident
- Star Canopus diving accident
- Stena Seaspread diving accident
- Venture One diving accident
- Waage Drill II diving accident
- Wildrake diving accident
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Professional diving fatalities | |
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Scuba diving fatalities | |
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Publications |
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Manuals | - NOAA Diving Manual
- U.S. Navy Diving Manual
- Basic Cave Diving: A Blueprint for Survival
- Underwater Handbook
- Bennett and Elliott's physiology and medicine of diving
- Encyclopedia of Recreational Diving
- The new science of skin and scuba diving
- Professional Diver's Handbook
- Basic Scuba
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Standards and Codes of Practice | |
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General non-fiction | |
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Research | |
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Dive guides | |
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Training and registration |
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Diver training | |
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Recreational scuba certification levels | Core diving skills | |
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Leadership skills | |
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Specialist skills | |
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Diver training certification and registration organisations | Commercial diver certification authorities | |
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Commercial diving schools | |
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Free-diving certification agencies | |
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Recreational scuba certification agencies | |
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Scientific diver certification authorities | |
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Technical diver certification agencies | |
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Military diver training centres | |
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Military diver training courses | |
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Surface snorkeling | |
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Snorkeling/breath-hold | |
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Breath-hold | |
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Open Circuit Scuba | |
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Rebreather | |
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Sports governing organisations and federations | |
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Competitions | |
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Pioneers of diving | |
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Underwater scientists archaeologists and environmentalists | |
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Scuba record holders | |
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Underwater filmmakers and presenters | |
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Underwater photographers | |
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Underwater explorers | |
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Aquanauts | |
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Writers and journalists | |
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Rescuers | |
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Frogmen | |
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Commercial salvors | |
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Diving physics | |
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Diving physiology | |
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Diving environments | |
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Other |
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Deep-submergence vehicle | - Aluminaut
- DSV Alvin
- American submarine NR-1
- Bathyscaphe
- Archimède
- FNRS-2
- FNRS-3
- Harmony class bathyscaphe
- Sea Pole-class bathyscaphe
- Trieste II
- Deepsea Challenger
- Ictineu 3
- JAGO
- Jiaolong
- Konsul-class submersible
- Limiting Factor
- Russian submarine Losharik
- Mir
- Nautile
- Pisces-class deep submergence vehicle
- DSV Sea Cliff
- DSV Shinkai
- DSV Shinkai 2000
- DSV Shinkai 6500
- DSV Turtle
- DSV-5 Nemo
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Submarine rescue | Deep-submergence rescue vehicle | |
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Submarine escape | |
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Special interest groups | |
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Neutral buoyancy facilities for Astronaut training | |
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Other | |
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