Dopachrome tautomerase

DCT

Available structures

PDB

Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB

List of PDB id codes
4HX1

Identifiers

Aliases

DCT, TRP-2, TYRP2, dopachrome tautomerase, OCA8

External IDs

OMIM: 191275; MGI: 102563; HomoloGene: 1447; GeneCards: DCT; OMA:DCT - orthologs

Gene location (Human)

Chr.	Chromosome 13 (human)^[1]

Band	13q32.1	Start	94,436,811 bp^[1]
Band	13q32.1	End	94,479,682 bp^[1]

Gene location (Mouse)

Chr.	Chromosome 14 (mouse)^[2]

Band	14 E4\|14 61.6 cM	Start	118,250,202 bp^[2]
Band	14 E4\|14 61.6 cM	End	118,289,656 bp^[2]

RNA expression pattern

Bgee

Human

Mouse (ortholog)

Top expressed in

skin of thigh

skin of arm

secondary oocyte

nipple

skin of hip

vulva

human penis

retinal pigment epithelium

testicle

skin of abdomen

Top expressed in

iris

ciliary body

stria vascularis

hair follicle

retinal pigment epithelium

utricle

epithelium of lens

corneal stroma

skin of back

left lobe of liver

More reference expression data

BioGPS


More reference expression data

Gene ontology
Molecular function	isomerase activity metal ion binding oxidoreductase activity copper ion binding dopachrome isomerase activity
Cellular component	cytoplasm integral component of membrane cytosol membrane melanosome melanosome membrane
Biological process	positive regulation of neuroblast proliferation melanin biosynthetic process cell development ventricular zone neuroblast division melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosine epidermis development developmental pigmentation pigmentation metabolism
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

Entrez


1638


13190

Ensembl


ENSG00000080166


ENSMUSG00000022129

UniProt


P40126


P29812

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001129889 NM_001922 NM_001322182 NM_001322183 NM_001322184
NM_001322185 NM_001322186


NM_010024

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001123361 NP_001309111 NP_001309112 NP_001309113 NP_001309114
NP_001309115 NP_001913


NP_034154

Location (UCSC)

Chr 13: 94.44 – 94.48 Mb

Chr 14: 118.25 – 118.29 Mb

PubMed search

^[3]

^[4]

Wikidata

View/Edit Human

View/Edit Mouse

Dopachrome tautomerase (dopachrome delta-isomerase, tyrosine-related protein 2), also known as DCT, is a human gene.^[5] Its expression is regulated by the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF).^[6]^[7]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000080166 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000022129 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Entrez Gene: DCT dopachrome tautomerase (dopachrome delta-isomerase, tyrosine-related protein 2)".
^ Yasumoto K, Takeda K, Saito H, et al. (2002). "Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor interacts with LEF-1, a mediator of Wnt signaling". EMBO J. 21 (11): 2703–14. doi:10.1093/emboj/21.11.2703. PMC 126018. PMID 12032083.
^ Hoek KS, Schlegel NC, Eichhoff OM, et al. (2008). "Novel MITF targets identified using a two-step DNA microarray strategy". Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 21 (6): 665–76. doi:10.1111/j.1755-148X.2008.00505.x. PMID 19067971.

Jackson IJ, Chambers DM, Tsukamoto K, et al. (1992). "A second tyrosinase-related protein, TRP-2, maps to and is mutated at the mouse slaty locus". EMBO J. 11 (2): 527–35. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05083.x. PMC 556483. PMID 1537334.
Tobin D, Quinn AG, Ito S, Thody AJ (1995). "The presence of tyrosinase and related proteins in human epidermis and their relationship to melanin type". Pigment Cell Res. 7 (4): 204–9. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0749.1994.tb00050.x. PMID 7855064.
Bernd A, Ramirez-Bosca A, Kippenberger S, et al. (1995). "Levels of dopachrome tautomerase in human melanocytes cultured in vitro". Melanoma Res. 4 (5): 287–91. doi:10.1097/00008390-199410000-00003. PMID 7858411. S2CID 41170650.
Yokoyama K, Yasumoto K, Suzuki H, Shibahara S (1994). "Cloning of the human DOPAchrome tautomerase/tyrosinase-related protein 2 gene and identification of two regulatory regions required for its pigment cell-specific expression". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (43): 27080–7. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)47128-1. PMID 7929451.
Orlow SJ, Zhou BK, Chakraborty AK, et al. (1994). "High-molecular-weight forms of tyrosinase and the tyrosinase-related proteins: evidence for a melanogenic complex". J. Invest. Dermatol. 103 (2): 196–201. doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12392743. PMID 8040609.
Sturm RA, Baker E, Sutherland GR (1994). "Assignment of the tyrosinase-related protein-2 gene (TYRP2) to human chromosome 13q31-q32 by fluorescence in situ hybridization: extended synteny with mouse chromosome 14". Genomics. 21 (1): 293–6. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1266. PMID 8088811.
Abdel-Malek Z, Swope V, Collins C, et al. (1994). "Contribution of melanogenic proteins to the heterogeneous pigmentation of human melanocytes". J. Cell Sci. 106 (4): 1323–31. doi:10.1242/jcs.106.4.1323. PMID 8126111.
Yokoyama K, Suzuki H, Yasumoto K, et al. (1994). "Molecular cloning and functional analysis of a cDNA coding for human DOPAchrome tautomerase/tyrosinase-related protein-2". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1217 (3): 317–21. doi:10.1016/0167-4781(94)90292-5. PMID 8148378.
Cassady JL, Sturm RA (1994). "Sequence of the human dopachrome tautomerase-encoding TRP-2 cDNA". Gene. 143 (2): 295–8. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90114-7. PMID 8206391.
Odh G, Hindemith A, Rosengren AM, et al. (1994). "Isolation of a new tautomerase monitored by the conversion of D-dopachrome to 5,6-dihydroxyindole". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 197 (2): 619–24. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1993.2524. PMID 8267597.
Bouchard B, Del Marmol V, Jackson IJ, et al. (1994). "Molecular characterization of a human tyrosinase-related-protein-2 cDNA. Patterns of expression in melanocytic cells". Eur. J. Biochem. 219 (1–2): 127–34. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb19922.x. PMID 8306979.
Sturm RA, O'Sullivan BJ, Box NF, et al. (1996). "Chromosomal structure of the human TYRP1 and TYRP2 loci and comparison of the tyrosinase-related protein gene family". Genomics. 29 (1): 24–34. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1211. PMID 8530077.
Björk P, Aman P, Hindemith A, et al. (1996). "A new enzyme activity in human blood cells and isolation of the responsible protein (D-dopachrome tautomerase) from erythrocytes". Eur. J. Haematol. 57 (3): 254–6. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1996.tb01372.x. PMID 8898931. S2CID 31744251.
Smith-Thomas L, Richardson P, Thody AJ, et al. (1997). "Human ocular melanocytes and retinal pigment epithelial cells differ in their melanogenic properties in vivo and in vitro". Curr. Eye Res. 15 (11): 1079–91. doi:10.3109/02713689608995139. PMID 8950502.
Wang RF, Appella E, Kawakami Y, et al. (1997). "Identification of TRP-2 as a Human Tumor Antigen Recognized by Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes". J. Exp. Med. 184 (6): 2207–16. doi:10.1084/jem.184.6.2207. PMC 2211562. PMID 8976176.
Chi DD, Merchant RE, Rand R, et al. (1997). "Molecular detection of tumor-associated antigens shared by human cutaneous melanomas and gliomas". Am. J. Pathol. 150 (6): 2143–52. PMC 1858329. PMID 9176405.
Sugimoto H, Taniguchi M, Nakagawa A, et al. (1997). "Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of human D-dopachrome tautomerase". J. Struct. Biol. 120 (1): 105–8. doi:10.1006/jsbi.1997.3904. PMID 9356298.
Nishihira J, Fujinaga M, Kuriyama T, et al. (1998). "Molecular cloning of human D-dopachrome tautomerase cDNA: N-terminal proline is essential for enzyme activation". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 243 (2): 538–44. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.8123. PMID 9480844.
Kippenberger S, Loitsch S, Solano F, et al. (1998). "Quantification of tyrosinase, TRP-1, and Trp-2 transcripts in human melanocytes by reverse transcriptase-competitive multiplex PCR--regulation by steroid hormones". J. Invest. Dermatol. 110 (4): 364–7. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1747.1998.00144.x. PMID 9540976.
Lupetti R, Pisarra P, Verrecchia A, et al. (1998). "Translation of a Retained Intron in Tyrosinase-related Protein (TRP) 2 mRNA Generates a New Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte (CTL)-defined and Shared Human Melanoma Antigen Not Expressed in Normal Cells of the Melanocytic Lineage". J. Exp. Med. 188 (6): 1005–16. doi:10.1084/jem.188.6.1005. PMC 2212536. PMID 9743519.