Overview of the events of 1898 in science
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The year 1898 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Archaeology
Astronomy
Biology
Chemistry
Exploration
Mathematics
- Ladislaus Bortkiewicz publishes a book about the Poisson distribution, The Law of Small Numbers,[8] first noting that events with low frequency in a large population follow a Poisson distribution even when the probabilities of the events vary.
Meteorology
Physiology and medicine
Technology
Awards
Births
- January 10 – Katharine Burr Blodgett (died 1979), American physicist and chemist.
- February – Guy Stewart Callendar (died 1964), English-Canadian thermodynamic engineer and climatologist.
- February 11 – Leó Szilárd (died 1964), Hungarian-American physicist.
- February 25 – William Astbury (died 1961), English physicist and molecular biologist.
- March 3 – Emil Artin (died 1962), Austrian-born mathematician.
- June 26 – Willy Messerschmitt (died 1978), German aeronautical engineer.
- July 29 – Isidor Isaac Rabi (died 1988), Galician-born American physicist, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1944 for invention of the atomic beam magnetic resonance method of measuring magnetic properties of atoms and molecules.
- August 1 – Mildred Creak (died 1993), English child psychologist.
- August 3 – Karl Kehrle (Brother Adam, died 1996), German-born Benedictine monk and beekeeper.
- August 28 – Albert Claude (died 1983), Belgian engineer, scientist, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1974 for discoveries concerning the structures and functional organization of the cell.
- September 10 – Waldo Semon (died 1999), American inventor.
- November 16 – Warren Sturgis McCulloch (died 1969), American neurophysiologist and cybernetician.
Deaths
- January 7 – Joseph O'Dwyer (born 1841), American physician.
- February 28 (Old Style March 12) – Fyodor Pirotsky (born 1845), Ukrainian-born Russian military and electrical engineer and inventor.
- March 12 – Johann Balmer (born 1825), Swiss mathematician.
- March 15 – Henry Bessemer (born 1813), English inventor of the Bessemer process for steelmaking.
- May 29 – Lyon Playfair, 1st Baron Playfair (born 1818), Scottish chemist.
- August 27 – John Hopkinson (born 1849), English electrical engineer (killed in climbing accident).
- September 14 – William Seward Burroughs (born 1855), American inventor of the adding machine.
- November 20 – Sir John Fowler, 1st Baronet (born 1817), English civil engineer.
References
- ^ "Ten Thousandth Near-Earth Object Unearthed in Space". NASA JPL. 24 June 2013. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
- ^ "Near Earth Asteroids (NEAs), A Chronology of Milestones". Retrieved 14 August 2013.
- ^ Binder, A. B. (1974). "On the origin of the Moon by rotational fission". The Moon. 11 (2): 53–76. Bibcode:1974Moon...11...53B. doi:10.1007/BF01877794.
- ^ Ramsay, William; Travers, Morris W. (1898). "On the Companions of Argon". Proceedings of the Royal Society. 63 (1). London: 437–440. doi:10.1098/rspl.1898.0057.
- ^ Emsley, John (2001). Nature's Building Blocks: an A–Z Guide to the Elements. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-850340-7.
- ^ Humphrey, A. J.; O'Hagan, D. (2001). "Tropane alkaloid biosynthesis: a century old problem unresolved". Natural Product Reports. 18 (5): 494–502. doi:10.1039/b001713m. PMID 11699882. S2CID 228936.
- ^ Yelverton, David E. (2004). "The Belgian Antarctic Expedition 1897–1899". Quest for a Phantom Strait: the Saga of the Pioneer Antarctic Peninsula Expeditions 1897–1905. Burpham: Polar Publishing. ISBN 0-9548003-0-3.
- ^ von Bortkiewicz, Ladislaus (1898). Das Gesetz der kleinen Zahlen. Leipzig, Germany: B.G. Teubner. On page 1, Bortkiewicz presents the Poisson distribution. On pages 23-25, Bortkiewicz presents his famous analysis of "4. Beispiel: Die durch Schlag eines Pferdes im preussischen Heere Getöteten." (4. Example: Those killed in the Prussian army by a horse's kick.). On pages 17–20 Bortkiewicz presents his analysis of "1. Beispiel: Die Selbstmorde von Kindern in Preussen." (1. Example: Suicides of children in Prussia.). Bortkiewicz's book is reviewed in: L. v. Bortkewitsch (1898) "Das Gesetz der kleinen Zahlen," Monatshefte für Mathematik, vol. 9, pages 39-41.
- ^ Blair, John S.G. (2001). In Arduis Fidelis: Centenary History of the Royal Army Medical Corps (2nd ed.). [Burntisland]: iynx Publishing. ISBN 0-9540583-2-1.
- ^ Flechsig, P. (1898). "Neue Untersuchungen über die Markbildung in den menschlichen Grosshirnlappen". Neurologisches Centralblatt. 17: 977–996.
- ^ Hoare, C. A. (1938). "Early discoveries regarding the parasite of oriental sore". Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 32 (1): 67–92. doi:10.1016/S0035-9203(38)90097-5.
- ^ Grant, Neil (2018). The Luger. Weapon 64. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 9781472819734.
- ^ "Copley Medal | British scientific award". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 23 July 2020.