Želízy : Administrative parts, Etymology, Geography, History Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Želízy

Municipality in Central Bohemian, Czech Republic

Flag

Coat of arms

50°25′26″N 14°27′53″E / 50.42389°N 14.46472°E / 50.42389; 14.46472Country

Czech RepublicRegionCentral BohemianDistrict MělníkFirst mentioned1360Area

• Total11.07 km² (4.27 sq mi)Elevation

180 m (590 ft)Population

(2024-01-01)^[1]

• Total520 • Density47/km² (120/sq mi)Time zoneUTC+1 (CET) • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)Postal code

277 21

Websitewww.obeczelizy.cz

Želízy (German: Schelesen) is a municipality and village in Mělník District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 500 inhabitants.

Administrative parts

The villages of Nové Tupadly and Sitné are administrative parts of Želízy.

Etymology

The name is derived from the Czech word železo, i.e. 'iron'.^[2]

Geography

Želízy is located about 7 kilometres (4 mi) north of Mělník and 34 km (21 mi) north of Prague. It lies in the Ralsko Uplands. The highest point is at 328 m (1,076 ft) above sea level. The Liběchovka Stream flows through the municipality. Most of the municipal territory lies in the Kokořínsko – Máchův kraj Protected Landscape Area.

History

The first written mention of Želízy is from 1360.^[3]

In the 19th century, Želízy became a summer resort. In the interwar period it was a popular resort destination visited by hundreds of guests, especially by German-speaking Jews of Prague, including Franz Kafka.^[3]

Demographics

Historical population

Year	Pop.	±%
1869	591	—
1880	603	+2.0%
1890	543	−10.0%
1900	527	−2.9%
1910	517	−1.9%

Year	Pop.	±%
1921	561	+8.5%
1930	573	+2.1%
1950	570	−0.5%
1961	673	+18.1%
1970	625	−7.1%

Year	Pop.	±%
1980	521	−16.6%
1991	461	−11.5%
2001	440	−4.6%
2011	483	+9.8%
2021	491	+1.7%

Source: Censuses^[4]^[5]

Transport

The I/9 road (the section from Mělník to Česká Lípa) passes through the municipality.

Sights

Želízy is known for the Čertovy hlavy, sculptures from the first half of the 19th century carved in the sandstone above the village of Želízy.

Most of the village of Sitné is protected by law as a village monument zone for its set of folk architecture wooden houses from the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries.^[6]

References

^ "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2024". Czech Statistical Office. 2024-05-17.
^ Profous, Antonín (1957). Místní jména v Čechách IV: S–Ž (in Czech). pp. 830–831.
^ ^a ^b "Historie" (in Czech). Obec Želízy. Retrieved 2022-04-02.
^ "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011 – Okres Mělník" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21. pp. 13–14.
^ "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
^ "Sitné" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2023-02-02.